Comparison of the influence of alcohol and cannabis on the dynamics of the accommodative response
Metadata
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Casares López, Miriam; Ortiz Peregrina, Sonia; Ortiz Herrera, Carolina; Castro Torres, José Juan; González Anera, RosarioEditorial
Springer
Materia
Accommodation dynamics Accommodative lag Accommodative response Alcohol consumption Cannabis use
Date
2023-03-28Referencia bibliográfica
Casares-López M, Ortiz-Peregrina S, Ortiz C, Castro-Torres JJ, Anera RG. Comparison of the influence of alcohol and cannabis on the dynamics of the accommodative response. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 261(8):2281-2289 (2023))
Sponsorship
Proyecto PID2020-115184RB-I00, financiado por Agencia Estatal de Investigación, MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033; Proyecto A-FQM-532-UGR20, financiado por FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades.Abstract
Purpose: to assess and compare the changes produced by the two most commonly used substances, alcohol and cannabis, on accommodation dynamics.
Methods: A total of 38 young participants (19 females) were enrolled in the study. They were assigned to two groups: a cannabis group (N = 19) and an alcohol group. Participants in the cannabis group underwent two randomized sessions: a baseline session and a session after smoking a cigarette. Participants in the alcohol group underwent three randomized sessions: a baseline session, a session after the intake of 300 ml of red wine (Alcohol 1), and other after the ingestion of 450 ml of wine (Alcohol 2). For the accommodation assessment, the open-field autorefractor WAM-5500 was used.
Results: The decrease of the mean velocity of the accommodative response produced by Alcohol 2 condition was significantly greater than that observed for Alcohol 1 and Cannabis (p = 0.046). The direction of the accommodation (near-distance and distance-near) had no effect on the deterioration of the accommodation dynamics following substance use. The target distance had a significant effect on the decrease of the mean velocity following substance use (p = 0.002). The decrease of the amplitude of the accommodative response was associated with a decrease of the peak velocity (p = 0.004) and the increase of the accommodative lag (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: a moderate-high dose of alcohol impairs accommodation dynamics to a greater extent that lower dose of alcohol or smoked cannabis. The deterioration of the accommodation mean speed was higher for a shorter target distance.