Development of a New Microextraction Fiber Combined to On-Line Sample Stacking Capillary Electrophoresis UV Detection for Acidic Drugs Determination in Real Water Samples
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Espina-Benítez, María; Araújo, Lilia; Prieto, Avismelsi; Navalón Montón, Alberto; Vílchez Quero, José Luis; Valera, Paola; Zambrano, Ana; Dugas, VincentEditorial
MDPI
Materia
Acid drugs Capillary zone electrophoresis Solid-phase microextraction Porapak Q
Date
2017-07-07Referencia bibliográfica
Espina-Benítez, M.; et al. Development of a New Microextraction Fiber Combined to On-Line Sample Stacking Capillary Electrophoresis UV Detection for Acidic Drugs Determination in Real Water Samples. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(7): 739 (2017). [http://hdl.handle.net/10481/47561]
Sponsorship
The Council of Scientific and Humanistic Development (abbreviated as CONDES in Spanish). The University Sector Planning Office (abbreviated as OPSU in Spanish) and the Research Division of the Engineering Faculty.Abstract
A new analytical method coupling a (off-line) solid-phase microextraction with an on-line capillary electrophoresis (CE) sample enrichment technique was developed for the analysis of ketoprofen, naproxen and clofibric acid from water samples, which are known as contaminants of emerging concern in aquatic environments. New solid-phase microextraction fibers based on physical coupling of chromatographic supports onto epoxy glue coated needle were studied for the off-line preconcentration of these micropollutants. Identification and quantification of such acidic drugs were done by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using ultraviolet diode array detection (DAD). Further enhancement of concentration sensitivity detection was achieved by on-line CE “acetonitrile stacking” preconcentration technique. Among the eight chromatographic supports investigated, Porapak Q sorbent showed higher extraction and preconcentration capacities. The screening of parameters that influence the microextraction process was carried out using a two-level fractional factorial. Optimization of the most relevant parameters was then done through a surface response three-factor Box-Behnken design. The limits of detection and limits of quantification for the three drugs ranged between 0.96 and 1.27 µg∙L−1 and 2.91 and 3.86 µg∙L−1, respectively. Recovery yields of approximately 95 to 104% were measured. The developed method is simple, precise, accurate, and allows quantification of residues of these micropollutants in Genil River water samples using inexpensive fibers.