El mapa en el espejo: una propuesta para ampliar (y mejorar) la docencia gráfica tradicional

Abstract

El historiador del arte Ernst Gombrich, en su texto Mirror and Map (1982), acuño los términos de paradigma del "mapa" y del "espejo" para referirse a los dos polos hacia los que va evolucionando la representación gráfica. Las primeras son imágenes conceptuales, dotadas de un alto grado de abstracción y codificación, que exigen un control racional y lógico de la forma. Las segundas son imágenes figurativas, que facilitan el reconocimiento de la realidad a través de la descripción de las apariencias naturales y visuales de los objetos representados.

Gombrich (1982) coined the paradigmatic terms of "map" and "mirror" to refer to both poles which graphical representation evolves towards. The first ones are conceptual images provided with a high degree of abstraction and codification. The second ones are figurative images, which facilitate the recognition of reality across the descriptions of the natural and visual appearance of the represented objects. Traditonal teaching of the Graphical Expression has been directed to the paradigm of the "map". The habitual justification is that a "map", unlike a "mirror", offers information of an object without ambiguity. The School of Architecture of Granada has included EGA3 as a second course obligatory subject. It uses computer as its fundamental tool. It follows a fundamentally "mirror" guideline which has been very useful in order to improve the spatial compression of the students and help them to better understand the codifications and the architectural abstractions of the "maps".