Differences in the Interleukin Profiles in Inattentive ADHD Prepubertal Children Are Probably Related to Conduct Disorder Comorbidity
Metadatos
Afficher la notice complèteAuteur
González-Villén, Raquel; Fernández López, María Luisa; Checa Ros, Ana; Tortosa-Pinto, Pilar; Aguado-Rivas, Raquel; Garre Morata, Laura; Acuña Castroviejo, Darío; Molina Carballo, AntonioEditorial
MDPI
Materia
ADHD prepubertal children attention deficit
Date
2024-08-09Referencia bibliográfica
González Villén, R. et. al. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 1818. [https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081818]
Patrocinador
ibsGranada; UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, SpainRésumé
Inflammatory cytokines are involved in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),
a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. To quantify the baseline levels of pro- and antiinflammatory
cytokines and their changes after methylphenidate (MPH), a total of 31 prepubertal
children with ADHD were recruited and subclassified into only two ADHD presentations—ADHD
attention deficit (n = 13) or ADHD combined (n = 18). The children were also screened for oppositional
defiant conduct disorder (ODCD) and anxiety disorder. Blood samples were drawn at 09:00 and after
4.63 ± 1.87 months of treatment. Four pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-5, IL-6,
tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)) and three anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) were
measured using a Luminex® assay. For statistics, a factorial analysiswas performed in Stata 15.1. Overall,
there were no statistically significant differences in the interleukin (IL) values induced by treatment.
When grouped by presentation, the differences were present almost exclusively in ADHD-AD, usually
with a profile opposite to that observed in ADHD-C, and with interactions between comorbid factors,
with IL-1β (p = 0.01) and IL-13 (p = 0.006) being the ones reaching the greatest statistical significance.
These differences are probably related to the ODCD factor, and they disappear after treatment. In
conclusion, the changes observed in cytokine levels in prepubertal children only in the ADHD-AD
presentation are probably related to comorbidities (specifically ODCD) and are mitigated after treatment.