Higher versus lower nut consumption and changes in cognitive performance over two years in a population at risk of cognitive decline: a cohort study
Metadata
Show full item recordEditorial
Elsevier
Materia
Aging Nuts Unsaturated fatty acids Cognitive decline Cognition Older people
Date
2023-08Referencia bibliográfica
J. Ni et al. Higher versus lower nut consumption and changes in cognitive performance over two years in a population at risk of cognitive decline: a cohort study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 118 (2023) 360–368. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.032]
Sponsorship
Official Spanish Institutions; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) , Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS) - European Regional Development Fund PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI14/00972, PI14/00728, PI14/01471, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI16/00533, PI16/00381, PI16/00366, PI16/01522, PI16/01120, PI17/00764, PI17/01183, PI17/00855, PI17/01347, PI17/00525, PI17/01827, PI17/00532, PI17/00215, PI17/01441, PI17/00508, PI17/01732, PI17/00926, PI19/00957, PI19/00386, PI19/00309, PI19/01032, PI19/00576, PI19/00017, PI19/01226, PI19/00781, PI19/01560, PI19/01332, PI20/01802, PI20/00138, PI20/01532, PI20/00456, PI20/00339, PI20/00557, PI20/00886, PI20/01158; La Caixa Foundation 2013ACUP00194; Junta de Andalucía PI0458/2013, PS0358/2016, PI0137/2018, PROMETEO/2017/017; Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades PID2019-108858RB-I00, AICO/2021/347; Center for Forestry Research & Experimentation (CIEF) EU-H2020: Eat2beNICE/H2020-SFS-2016-2; Horizon 2020 PRIME study 847879; Spanish Government FPU 20/00385; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades FPU 20/00385; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); ICREA under the ICREA Academia programAbstract
Background: Tree nuts and peanuts (henceforth, nuts) are nutrient-dense foods rich in neuroprotective components; thus, their consumption could benefit cognitive health. However, evidence to date is limited and inconsistent regarding the potential benefits of nuts for cognitive function.Objective: To prospectively evaluate the association between nut consumption and 2-y changes in cognitive performance in older adults at cognitive decline risk.Methods: A total of 6,630 participants aged 55 to 75 y (mean age 65.0 & PLUSMN;4.9 y, 48.4% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline and a 2-y follow-up. Composite cognitive scores were used to assess global, general, attention, and executive function domains. Nut consumption was categorized as <1, >1 to <3, >3 to <7, and >7 servings/wk (1 serving=30 g). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline nut consumption and 2-y cognitive changes.Results: Nut consumption was positively associated with 2-y changes in general cognitive function (P-trend <0.001). Compared with participants consuming <1 serving/wk of nuts, those categorized as consuming >3 to <7 and >7 servings/wk showed more favorable changes in general cognitive performance (& beta; z-score [95% CI] = 0.06 [0.00,0.12] and 0.13 [0.06,0.20], respectively). No significant changes were observed in the multivariableadjusted models for other cognitive domains assessed.Conclusion: Frequent nut consumption was associated with a smaller decline in general cognitive performance over 2 y in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. Randomized clinical trials to verify our findings are warranted.