Analytical methods for biomonitoring organic chemical hazards in saliva: A systematic review

Abstract

In the present study, a systematic review from January 1, 2000 to March 15, 2022 is presented, collecting all studies related to the analyses of organic chemical hazards in saliva. The goal was to review saliva sample collection, extraction and analytical techniques, together with the occurrence of the identified compounds. Therefore, the major gaps that limit a wider use of saliva as a valuable human specimen to undertake human biomonitoring of exposure to food chain contaminants were identified. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was performed via PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases. After screening and selection process of primary sources, 46 articles were eligible for full text assessment and data of 30 studies were extracted. All the results and characteristics of those 30 studies were displayed in table format and critically reviewed. The lack of standardized procedures for saliva sampling/collection/storage is a major drawback