TFG-beta Nuclear Staining as a Potential Relapse Risk Factor in Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Metadatos
Mostrar el registro completo del ítemEditorial
MDPI
Materia
PD-L1 TILs TGF- beta Prognostic factors Checkpoint inhibition Early-stage lung cancer
Fecha
2022-11-09Referencia bibliográfica
Cárdenas-Quesada, N... [et al.]. TFG-beta Nuclear Staining as a Potential Relapse Risk Factor in Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 13780. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213780]
Patrocinador
Andalusian Public Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Eastern Andalusia Alejandro Otero (FIBAO); Andalusian Health Service; Andalusian public health system biobank S2000353Resumen
Nowadays, the impact of the tumor-immune microenvironment (TME) in non-small-cell
lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis and treatment response remains unclear. Thus, we evaluated the
expression of PD-L1, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and transforming growth factor beta
(TGF- ) in NSCLC to identify differences in TME, detect possible new prognostic factors, and assess
their relationship. We retrospectively analyzed 55 samples from patients who underwent NSCLC
surgery and had over a 5-year follow-up. PD-L1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry
following standard techniques. The presence of TILs was evaluated at low magnification and
classified into two categories, “intense” and “non-intense”. Cytoplasmic TGF- staining visualization
was divided into four categories, and unequivocal nuclear staining in >1% of viable tumor cells
was defined as “present” or “absent”. Our aim was to identify differences in disease-free survival
(DFS) and overall survival (OS). Tumor stage was the only objective prognostic factor for OS. PD-L1
expression and the presence of TILs had no prognostic impact, neither their combination. There seems
to be a lower expression of PD-L1 and a higher expression of TILs in early stages of the disease. Our
TGF- nuclear staining analysis was promising, since it was associated with worse DFS, revealing
this protein as a possible prognostic biomarker of recurrence for resectable NSCLC.