The relationship between perceived motivacional climate an 2x2 achievement goals with self-determined motivation in physical education

Abstract

Motivation is a key and fundamental aspect in students education several researches have already shown the importance of motivated students for the edes have already shown the importance of motivated students for the educational system. In order to analyze and explain the variables which can impact on these levels of motivation, this paper is fundamented in two theories. One is Achievement Goal Theory and the other is Self-Determination Theory. Thus, the aim of this study has been to analyze how motivation can be predicted based on orientation to task and ego and goal orientations for Physical Education students. The sample included 2002 high school students (970 boys= 48.5%, 1032 girls= 51.5%), aged between 12 and 19 years old, from 17 high schools in Almería, Córdoba, Granada, Jaén, Malaga and Seville (Spain). We asked schools, the Director and parents for permission to carry out this research in a letter explaining the aims of the study and how it would be carried out. This instrument was self-administered and it was applied on a large scale, it was filled in anonymously during a school day, with prior agreement and training given by the evaluators. Subjects were debriefed on the object of the study, its voluntary nature and on the absolute confidentiality for the answers and data management. A questionnaire made up of the Physical Education of Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire, Achievement Goal Questionnaire and Sport Motivation Scale was used. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed as well as descriptive, correlational, gender multivariate and linear regression analysis. The results show that the students show a task climate, are mastery oriented and have high intrinsic and introjected extrinsic motivation. Self-determination is predicted for both boys and girls by task climate and by the approach-mastery variable. In the multivariate analysis carried out in the present study the PMCSQ-2data shows that boys have significantly higher results than girls in task climate. In the AGQ and SMS boys had high