Integration of Maps Enables a Cytogenomics Analysis of the Complete Karyotype in Solea senegalensis Ramírez, Daniel Robles Rodríguez, Francisca Ruiz Rejón, Carmelo Solea senegalensis Pleuronectiformes Genetic maps Cytogenomics Chromosome evolution Karyotype Repetitive sequences Comparative genomics This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, FEDER Grants (RTI2018-096847-B-C21 and RTI2018-096847-B-C22), Junta de Andalucía-FEDER Grant (P20-00938). The Pleuronectiformes order, which includes several commercially-important species, has undergone extensive chromosome evolution. One of these species is Solea senegalensis, a flatfish with 2n = 42 chromosomes. In this study, a cytogenomics approach and integration with previous maps was applied to characterize the karyotype of the species. Synteny analysis of S. senegalensis was carried out using two flatfish as a reference: Cynoglossus semilaevis and Scophthalmus maximus. Most S. senegalensis chromosomes (or chromosome arms for metacentrics and submetacentrics) showed a one-to-one macrosyntenic pattern with the other two species. In addition, we studied how repetitive sequences could have played a role in the evolution of S. senegalensis bi-armed (3, and 5–9) and acrocentric (11, 12 and 16) chromosomes, which showed the highest rearrangements compared with the reference species. A higher abundance of TEs (Transposable Elements) and other repeated elements was observed adjacent to telomeric regions on chromosomes 3, 7, 9 and 16. However, on chromosome 11, a greater abundance of DNA transposons was detected in interstitial BACs. This chromosome is syntenic with several chromosomes of the other two flatfish species, suggesting rearrangements during its evolution. A similar situation was also found on chromosome 16 (for microsatellites and low complexity sequences), but not for TEs (retroelements and DNA transposons). These differences in the distribution and abundance of repetitive elements in chromosomes that have undergone remodeling processes during the course of evolution also suggest a possible role for simple repeat sequences in rearranged regions. 2022-05-30T11:01:05Z 2022-05-30T11:01:05Z 2022-05-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Ramírez, D... [et al.]. Integration of Maps Enables a Cytogenomics Analysis of the Complete Karyotype in Solea senegalensis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 5353. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105353] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/75097 10.3390/ijms23105353 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 3.0 España MDPI