Impact of Indigenous Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts Isolated from Madeira Island Vineyards on the Formation of Ethyl Carbamate in the Aging of Fortified Wines Leça, João Micael Vílchez Quero, José Luis Non-Saccharomyces yeasts Ethyl carbamate Urea Citrulline Arginine Fortified wine The impact of selected non-Saccharomyces yeasts on the occurrence of ethyl carbamate (EC) was evaluated. Hanseniaspora uvarum, Starmerella bacillaris, Pichia terricola, Pichia fermentans and Pichia kluyveri isolated from Madeira Island vineyards were inoculated in Tinta Negra musts. Urea, citrulline (Cit) and arginine (Arg) were quantified when the density of musts attained the levels to obtain sweet (1052 ± 5 g/L) and dry (1022 ± 4 g/L) Madeira wines. The urea concentration varied between 1.3 and 5.3 mg/L, Cit from 10.6 to 15.1 mg/L and Arg between 687 and 959 mg/L. P. terricola and S. bacillaris generated lower levels of urea (<2.5 mg/L), Cit (<11.0 mg/L) and Arg (<845.6 mg/L). The five resulting fortified wines, individually fermented by the selected non-Saccharomyces yeast, were exposed to laboratory-accelerated aging at 70 ◦C for 1 month. From the studied yeasts, P. terricola and S. bacillaris revealed a lower potential to form EC (<100 µg/L); therefore, both yeasts can be a useful tool for its mitigation in wines. 2021-05-07T07:26:18Z 2021-05-07T07:26:18Z 2021 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Leça, J.M.; Pereira, V.; Miranda, A.; Vilchez, J.L.; Malfeito-Ferreira, M.; Marques, J.C. Impact of Indigenous Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts Isolated from Madeira Island Vineyards on the Formation of Ethyl Carbamate in the Aging of Fortified Wines. Processes 2021, 9, 799. https:// doi.org/10.3390/pr9050799 http://hdl.handle.net/10481/68376 10.3390/pr9050799 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 3.0 España MDPI