Acute Toxicity of Alkylpolyglucosides to Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna and Microalgae: A Comparative Study

Abstract

In this paper, toxicity values of alkylpolyglucosides have been determined by applying the 24-h immobilization test with Daphnia magna, the LumiStox 300 test which employs the luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum and the test with Selenastrum capricornutum. Three alkylpolyglucosides with different alkyl chain and degree of polymerisation have been tested. For all tests, the results indicated that Vibrio fischeri was more sensitive to toxic effects from alkylpolyglucosides than was D. magna or S. capricornutum. The results demonstrate considerable variation in toxicity responses within structurally related glucose-based surfactants regardless of the species tested. The toxicity increased as the critical micelle concentration decreased, and as the alkyl chain length and resultant hydrophobicity increased.