Synthesis and Characterization of Environmentally Friendly Chitosan–Arabic Gum Nanoparticles for Encapsulation of Oregano Essential Oil in Pickering Emulsion
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Lobato-Guarnido, Ismael; Luzón González, Germán; Ríos Ruiz, Francisco; Fernández Serrano, MercedesEditorial
MDPI
Materia
Encapsulation Essential oil Pickering emulsions Chitosan Arabic gum Detergent formulation
Date
2023-09-26Referencia bibliográfica
Lobato-Guarnido, I.; Luzón, G.; Ríos, F.; Fernández-Serrano, M. Synthesis and Characterization of Environmentally Friendly Chitosan–Arabic Gum Nanoparticles for Encapsulation of Oregano Essential Oil in Pickering Emulsion. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 2651. [https:// doi.org/10.3390/nano13192651]
Sponsorship
Spanish Ministry of Science, grant number FPU17-03354Abstract
The encapsulation of bioactive agents through the utilization of biodegradable nanoparticles
is a topic of considerable scientific interest. In this study, microcapsules composed of chitosan (CS)
and Arabic gum (GA) nanoparticles were synthesized, encapsulating oregano essential oil (OEO)
through Pickering emulsions and subsequent spray drying. The optimization of hybrid chitosan and
Arabic gum (CS–GA) nanoparticle formation was carried out via complex coacervation, followed
by an assessment of their behavior during the formation of the emulsion. Measurements of the
size, contact angle, and interfacial tension of the formed complexes were conducted to facilitate the
development of Pickering emulsions for encapsulating the oil under the most favorable conditions.
The chitosan–Arabic gum capsules were physically characterized using scanning electron microscopy
and fitted to the Beerkan estimation of soil transfer (BEST) model to determine their size distribution.
Finally, the OEO encapsulation efficiency was also determined. The optimum scenario was achieved
with the CS–GA 1–2 capsules at a concentration of 2% wt, featuring a contact angle of 89.1 degrees,
which is ideal for the formation of oil/water (O/W) emulsions. Capsules of approximately 2.5 m
were obtained, accompanied by an encapsulation efficiency of approximately 60%. In addition, the
hybrid nanoparticles that were obtained showed high biodegradability. The data within our study
will contribute fundamental insights into CS–GA nanoparticles, and the quantitatively analyzed
outcomes presented in this study will hold utility for forthcoming applications in environmentally