Pyrethroids and developmental neurotoxicity - A critical review of epidemiological studies and supporting mechanistic evidence
Metadatos
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Elsevier
Materia
Pyrethroids Insecticides Neurodevelopment Children Review Adverse outcome pathways
Fecha
2022-07-20Referencia bibliográfica
Helle Raun Andersen... [et al.]. Pyrethroids and developmental neurotoxicity - A critical review of epidemiological studies and supporting mechanistic evidence, Environmental Research, Volume 214, Part 2, 2022, 113935, ISSN 0013-9351, [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113935]
Patrocinador
European Commission 733032 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_043/0009632; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, and Operational Programme Research, Development and Innovation - project CETOCOEN EXCELLENCE LM2018121; 857560Resumen
Background: Pyrethroid metabolites are widely detectable in urine from the general population, including
pregnant women and children. Pyrethroids are neurotoxic and suggested endocrine disruptors. Exposure during
vulnerable developmental time windows may have long-term impacts on neurodevelopment.
Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological evidence for neurodevelopmental effects related to prenatal and
childhood pyrethroid exposure in a systematic review and to assess biological plausibility by evaluating mechanistic
evidence.
Methods: We searched PubMed and Web of Science up to September 1, 2021 and included original studies
published in English in which pyrethroid exposure was measured or estimated during pregnancy or childhood
and associations with neurodevelopmental outcomes in the children were investigated. The Navigation Guide
Systematic Review Methodology was used to evaluate the epidemiological evidence. For mechanistic evidence,
we focused on relevant key events (KEs) suggested in Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) using the OECDsupported
AOP-wiki platform. A systematic search combining the KEs with pyrethroids, including 26 individual
compounds, was performed in the ToxCast database.
Results: Twenty-five epidemiological studies met the inclusion criteria, 17 presented findings on prenatal
exposure, 10 on childhood exposure and two on both exposure windows. The overall body of evidence was rated
as “moderate quality” with “sufficient evidence” for an association between prenatal pyrethroid exposure and
adverse neurodevelopment. For childhood exposure, the overall rating was “low quality” with “limited evidence”
because of cross-sectional study design. Regarding mechanistic evidence, we found that pyrethroids are able to
interfere with neurodevelopmental KEs included in established AOPs for adverse neurodevelopmental. The evidence
was strongest for interference with thyroid hormone (TH) function.
Conclusion: Pyrethroids are probably human developmental neurotoxicants and adverse impacts of pyrethroid
exposure on neurodevelopment are likely at exposure levels occurring in the general population. Preventive
measures to reduce exposure among pregnant women and children are warranted.