At the beginnings of the funerary Megalithism in Iberia at Campo de Hockey necropolis
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Vijande Vila, Eduardo; Sánchez-Barba Muñoz, Lydia P.; Rubio Salvador, Ángel; Alemán Aguilera, María Inmaculada; Botella López, Miguel CecilioEditorial
Nature
Date
2022-06-08Referencia bibliográfica
Vijande-Vila, E... [et al.]. At the beginnings of the funerary Megalithism in Iberia at Campo de Hockey necropolis. Sci Rep 12, 9431 (2022). [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13014-6]
Sponsorship
State Research Agency (SRA); European Commission HAR2017-87324-P 2014-2020 ERDF Operational Programme; Department of Economy, Knowledge, Business and University of the Regional Government of Andalusia FEDER-UCA18-106917 CEIMAR CEIJ-015; European Social Fund (ESF) D1113102E3; Junta de AndaluciaAbstract
The excavations undertaken at the Campo de Hockey site in 2008 led to the identification of a major
Neolithic necropolis in the former Island of San Fernando (Bay of Cádiz). This work presents the results
of the latest studies, which indicate that the site stands as one of the oldest megalithic necropolises
in the Iberian Peninsula. The main aim of this work is to present with precision the chronology of this
necropolis through a Bayesian statistical model that confirms that the necropolis was in use from
c. 4300 to 3800 cal BC. The presence of prestige grave goods in the earliest and most monumental
graves suggest that the Megalithism phenomenon emerged in relation to maritime routes linked
to the distribution of exotic products. We also aim to examine funerary practices in these early
megalithic communities, and especially their way of life and the social reproduction system. As such,
in addition to the chronological information and the Bayesian statistics, we provide the results of a
comprehensive interdisciplinary study, including anthropological, archaeometric and genetic data.