Mechanisms of Action of Non-Canonical ECF Sigma Factors
Metadatos
Afficher la notice complèteAuteur
Marcos Torres, Francisco Javier; Moraleda Muñoz, Aurelio; Contreras Moreno, Francisco Javier; Muñoz Dorado, José; Pérez Torres, JuanaEditorial
MDPI
Materia
ECF sigma factor Transcriptional regulation Stress response
Date
2022-03-25Referencia bibliográfica
Marcos-Torres, F.J.; Moraleda-Muñoz, A.; Contreras-Moreno, F.J.; Muñoz-Dorado, J.; Pérez, J. Mechanisms of Action of Non-Canonical ECF Sigma Factors. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 3601. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073601]
Patrocinador
Spanish Government (PID2020-112634GB-I00); FEDER funds (grant A-BIO-126-UGR20)Résumé
Extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors are subunits of the RNA polymerase specialized
in activating the transcription of a subset of genes responding to a specific environmental
condition. The signal-transduction pathways where they participate can be activated by diverse
mechanisms. The most common mechanism involves the action of a membrane-bound anti-sigma
factor, which sequesters the ECF sigma factor, and releases it after the stimulus is sensed. However,
despite most of these systems following this canonical regulation, there are many ECF sigma factors
exhibiting a non-canonical regulatory mechanism. In this review, we aim to provide an updated and
comprehensive view of the different activation mechanisms known for non-canonical ECF sigma factors,
detailing their inclusion to the different phylogenetic groups and describing the mechanisms of
regulation of some of their representative members such as EcfG from Rhodobacter sphaeroides, showing
a partner-switch mechanism; EcfP from Vibrio parahaemolyticus, with a phosphorylation-dependent
mechanism; or CorE from Myxococcus xanthus, regulated by a metal-sensing C-terminal extension.