Cold-Induced Thermogenesis Shows a Diurnal Variation That Unfolds Differently in Males and Females
Metadatos
Afficher la notice complèteEditorial
Oxford University Press
Materia
Brown adipose tissue Cardiometabolic health Cold stimulus Circadian rhythm Gender differences Metabolism
Date
2022-02-18Referencia bibliográfica
Maaike E Straat... [et al.]. Cold-Induced Thermogenesis Shows a Diurnal Variation That Unfolds Differently in Males and Females, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2022;, dgac094, [https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgac094]
Patrocinador
Fundacion Alfonso Martin Escudero; Netherlands Heart Foundation 2017T016 CVON2014-02 ENERGISE CVON2017 GENIUS-2; Dutch Society for Diabetes Research (NVDO); Dutch Diabetes Foundation 2015.81.1808; Netherlands Cardiovascular Research InitiativeRésumé
Context: Cold exposure mobilizes lipids to feed thermogenic processes in organs, including brown adipose tissue (BAT). In rodents, BAT metabolic
activity exhibits a diurnal rhythm, which is highest at the start of the wakeful period.
Objective: We investigated whether cold-induced thermogenesis displays diurnal variation in humans and differs between the sexes.
Methods: This randomized crossover study included 24 young and lean male (n = 12) and female (n = 12) participants who underwent 2.5-hour
personalized cooling using water-perfused mattresses in the morning (7:45 am) and evening (7:45 pm), with 1 day in between. We measured
energy expenditure (EE) and supraclavicular skin temperature in response to cold exposure.
Results: In males, cold-induced EE was higher in the morning than in the evening (+54% ± 10% vs +30% ± 7%; P = 0.05) but did not differ
between morning and evening in females (+37% ± 9% vs +30% ± 10%; P = 0.42). Only in males, supraclavicular skin temperature upon
cold increased more in morning than evening (+0.2 ± 0.1 °C vs −0.2 ± 0.2 °C; P = 0.05). In males, circulating free fatty acid (FFA) levels were
increased after morning cold exposure, but not evening (+90% ± 18% vs +9% ± 8%; P < 0.001). In females, circulating FFA (+94% ± 21%
vs +20% ± 5%; P = 0.006), but also triglycerides (+42% ± 5% vs +29% ± 4%, P = 0.01) and cholesterol levels (+17% ± 2% vs 11% ± 2%;
P = 0.05) were more increased after cold exposure in morning than in evening.
Conclusion: Cold-induced thermogenesis is higher in morning than evening in males; however, lipid metabolism is more modulated in the
morning than the evening in females.