Relationship between damage and structural vulnerability in historical heritage: Case study of San Fernando de Bocachica Fort, Cartagena de Indias

Abstract

The restoration process for historical heritage is complex and consists of several steps. In the professional field, the evaluation of the structural vulnerability of a historical monument often does not include an evaluation of its previous damage. It is important to understand the degradation phenomena to properly interpret the results of structural analysis and make better decisions for the maintenance and structural reinforcement. In the present study, a seismic vulnerability assessment with a linear dynamic analysis was carried out at San Fernando de Bocachica Fort. In addition, structural damage and deterioration types were categorized and mapped. Finally, a comparison between structure stress distribution and damage analysis is proposed. A marked relationship between structural overstress and structural decay is noted, which makes this methodology a valuable tool that could be implemented for the more effective maintenance of historical heritage around the world. The fort presents severe deterioration, highlighting the need for immediate intervention to preserve its aesthetic and structural stability.