Influence of Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Celiac Children on a Gluten-Free Diet
Metadatos
Afficher la notice complèteAuteur
Nestares Pleguezuelo, María Teresa; Bonillo Leon, Rocío; Maldonado Lozano, José; De la Flor Alemany, Marta; Aparicio García-Molina, VirginiaEditorial
MDPI
Materia
Celiac disease Gluten-free diet Mediterranean diet Children Body composition
Date
2021Referencia bibliográfica
Nestares, T.; Martín-Masot, R.; de Teresa, C.; Bonillo, R.; Maldonado, J.; Flor-Alemany, M.; Aparicio, V.A. Influence of Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Celiac Children on a Gluten-Free Diet. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1636. https:// doi.org/10.3390/nu13051636
Patrocinador
Regional Government of Andalusia, Excellence Research Project No P12-AGR-2581; Project from the University of Granada Ref. PP2017-PIP14; Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports (Grant number FPU17/03715)Résumé
We aimed to assess the influence of the Mediterranean Diet adherence and physical activity
(PA) on body composition, with a particular focus on bone health, in young patients with celiac
disease (CD). The CD group (n = 59) included children with CD with a long (>18 months, n = 41)
or recent (<18 months, n = 18) adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). The non-celiac group (n = 40)
included non-celiac children. After adjusting for potential confounders, the CD group showed lower
body weight (p = 0.034), lean mass (p = 0.003), bone mineral content (p = 0.006), and bone Z-score
(p = 0.036) than non-celiac children, even when the model was further adjusted for adherence to
a GFD for at least 18 months. Among CD children, spending greater time in vigorous physical
activity was associated with higher lean mass (p = 0.020) and bone mineral density with evidence of
statistical significance (p = 0.078) regardless of the time they followed a GFD. In addition, a greater
Mediterranean Diet adherence was associated with a higher bone Z-score (p = 0.020). Moreover, lean
mass was strongly associated with bone mineral density and independently explained 12% of its
variability (p < 0.001). These findings suggest the importance of correctly monitoring lifestyle in
children with CD regarding dietary habits and PA levels to improve lean mass and, consequently,
bone quality in this population.