OXA-48 Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales in Spanish Hospitals: An Updated Comprehensive Review on a Rising Antimicrobial Resistance
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Rivera Izquierdo, Mario; Láinez Ramos-Bossini, Antonio Jesús; Rivera Izquierdo, Carlos; López Gómez, Jairo; Fernández Martínez, Nicolás Francisco; Redruello Guerrero, Pablo; Martín de los Reyes, Luis Miguel; Martínez Ruiz, Virginia Ana; Moreno Roldán, Elena; Jiménez Mejías, EladioEditorial
Mdpi
Materia
OXA-48 Carbapenem Carbapenemases Spain Outbreak Multiresistant Enterobacteria Antibiotic stewardship
Date
2021-01-18Referencia bibliográfica
Rivera-Izquierdo, M.; Láinez-Ramos-Bossini, A.J.; Rivera- Izquierdo, C.; López-Gómez, J.; Fernández-Martínez, N.F.; Redruello- Guerrero, P.; Martín-delosReyes, L.M.; Martínez-Ruiz, V.; Moreno- Roldán, E.; Jiménez-Mejías, E. OXA-48 Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales in Spanish Hospitals: An Updated Comprehensive Review on a Rising Antimicrobial Resistance. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 89. [https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10010089]
Sponsorship
Chair of Teaching and Research in Family Medicine SEMERGEN-UGRAbstract
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are significant contributors to the global
public health threat of antimicrobial resistance. OXA-48-like enzymes and their variants are unique
carbapenemases with low or null hydrolytic activity toward carbapenems but no intrinsic activity
against expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. CPEs have been classified by the WHO as high-priority
pathogens given their association with morbidity and mortality and the scarce number of effective
antibiotic treatments. In Spain, the frequency of OXA-48 CPE outbreaks is higher than in other
European countries, representing the major resistance mechanism of CPEs. Horizontal transfer of
plasmids and poor effective antibiotic treatment are additional threats to the correct prevention and
control of these hospital outbreaks. One of the most important risk factors is antibiotic pressure,
specifically carbapenem overuse. We explored the use of these antibiotics in Spain and analyzed the
frequency, characteristics and prevention of CPE outbreaks. Future antibiotic stewardship programs
along with specific preventive measures in hospitalized patients must be reinforced and updated
in Spain.