Implications of PD-L1 Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Abstract

In summary, this thesis adds to the understanding of PD-L1 expression in OSCC. Specifically, that PD-L1 expression is increased in non-smokers, non-drinkers and potentially in women as well. That PD-L1 expression is increased in tumours with an intense inflammatory infiltrate. That PD-L1 expression is increased in the epithelium adjacent to the tumour and this may play a role in oncogenesis. Finally, we have shown evidence that the presence of PD-L1 expression in the tumour cell membrane may predict a worse likelihood of survival.