Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements
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MDPI
Materia
Malocclusion Angle Class III Phenotype Principal Component Analysis Clustering Orthodontics
Date
2020Referencia bibliográfica
Frutos-Valle, Leixuri ; Martín, Conchita; Alarcón, José A.; Palma-Fernández, Juan C.; Ortega, Ricardo; Iglesias-Linares, Alejandro. 2020. "Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements." J. Clin. Med. 9, no. 9: 3048. [DOI: 10.3390/jcm9093048]
Sponsorship
Complutense University, Madrid, Spain G/6400100/3000Abstract
Current phenotypic characterizations of Class III malocclusion are influenced more by
gender or ethnic origin than by raw linear skeletal measurements. The aim of the present research is
to develop a Class III skeletal malocclusion sub-phenotype characterization based on proportional
cranial measurements using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Radiometric data from
212 adult subjects (115 women and 96 men) of southern European origin affected by Class III skeletal
malocclusion were analyzed. A total of 120 measurements were made, 26 were proportional skeletal
measurements, which were used to perform principal component analysis and subsequent cluster
analysis. The remaining 94 supplementary measurements were used for a greater description of the
identified clusters. Principal component analysis established eight principal components that explained
85.1% of the total variance. The first three principal components explained 51.4% of the variance
and described mandibular proportions, anterior facial height proportions, and posterior–anterior
cranial proportions. Cluster analysis established four phenotypic subgroups, representing 18.4%
(C1), 20.75% (C2), 38.68% (C3), and 22.17% (C4) of the sample. A new sub-clustering of skeletal
Class III malocclusions that avoids gender influence is provided. Our results improve clinicians’
resources for Class III malocclusion and could improve the diagnostic and treatment approaches for
this malocclusion.