Who does what the cardiologist recommends? Psychosocial markers of unhealthy behavior in coronary disease patients
Metadatos
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Arrebola Moreno, Mercedes; Petrova, Dafina; Sánchez, María José; Rivera López, Ricardo Francisco; Ramírez Hernández, José AntonioEditorial
Public Library of Science
Fecha
2020-01Referencia bibliográfica
Arrebola-Moreno M, Petrova D, Sánchez M-J, Rivera-López R, Ramírez-Hernández JA (2020) Who does what the cardiologist recommends? Psychosocial markers of unhealthy behavior in coronary disease patients. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0228262. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0228262]
Patrocinador
Dafina Petrova is supported by a Juan de la Cierva Fellowship (FJCI-2016-28279) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Resumen
Patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease should follow lifestyle recommendations that
can reduce their cardiovascular risk (e.g., avoid smoking). However, some patients fail to follow these recommendations and engage in unhealthy behavior. With the aim to identify psychosocial factors that characterize patients at high risk of repeated cardiovascular events,
we investigated the relationship between social support, mental health (coping, self-esteem,
and perceived stress), and unhealthy behavior. We conducted a cross-sectional study of
419 patients recently diagnosed with coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction or
angina) who participated in the National Health Survey in Spain (2018). Unhealthy behaviors
were defined according to the European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention.
Only 1% of patients reported no unhealthy behaviors, with 11% reporting one, 40% two, 35%
three, and 13% four or more unhealthy behaviors. In multiple regression controlling for
demographic and traditional risk factors, mental health was the only significant psychosocial
factor, doubling the odds of accumulated unhealthy behaviors, OR(high vs. low) = 2.03, 95%
CI [1.14, 3.64]. Mental health was especially strongly related to unhealthy behavior among
patients with obesity, OR(high vs. low) = 3.50, 95% CI [1.49, 8.45]. The relationship between
mental health and unhealthy behaviors suggests that a large proportion of patients may not
adhere to lifestyle recommendations not because they purposefully choose to do so, but
because they lack coping skills to maintain the recommended healthy behaviors. Low mental
well-being may be especially detrimental for behavior change of patients with obesity.