@misc{10481/78093,
year = {2022},
month = {10},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/78093},
abstract = {Background. Primary health care (PHC) professionals may play a crucial role in improving
early diagnosis of depressive disorders. However, only 50% of cases are detected in PHC.
The most widely used screening instrument for major depression is the Patient Health
Questionnaire (PHQ), including the two-, eight- and nine-item versions. Surprisingly, there
is neither enough evidence about the validity of PHQ in PHC patients in Spain nor indications
about how to interpret the total scores. This study aimed to gather validity evidence
to support the use of the three PHQ versions to screen for major depression in PHC in
Spain. Additionally, the present study provided information for helping professionals to
choose the best PHQ version according to the context.
Methods. The sample was composed of 2579 participants from 22 Spanish PHC centers
participating in the EIRA-3 study. The reliability and validity of the three PHQ versions
for Spanish PHC patients were assessed based on responses to the questionnaire.
Results. The PHQ-8 and PHQ-9 showed high internal consistency. The results obtained confirm
the theoretically expected relationship between PHQ results and anxiety, social support
and health-related QoL. A single-factor solution was confirmed. Regarding to the level of
agreement with the CIDI interview (used as the criterion), our results indicate that the
PHQ has a good discrimination power. The optimal cut-off values were: ⩾2 for PHQ-2,
⩾7 for PHQ-8 and ⩾8 for PHQ-9.
Conclusions. PHQ is a good and valuable tool for detecting major depression in PHC patients
in Spain.},
organization = {Spanish Government	PI15/00114	
PI15/00565	
PI15/00762	
PI15/01072	
PI15/00896	
PI15/01412	
PI15/01151	
PI15/00519	
PI15/01133},
organization = {Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through Research Network in Preventive Activities and Health Promotion in Primary Care (redIAPP)	RD12/0005/0001	
RD16/0007/0001	
RD16/0007/0002	
RD16/0007/0003	
RD16/0007/0004	
RD16/0007/0005	
RD16/0007/0006	
RD16/0007/0008	
RD16/0007/0009	
RD16/0007/0010	
RD16/0007/0012	
RD16/0007/0013	
RD16/0007/0015},
organization = {European Commission},
organization = {Generalitat de Catalunya	SLT002/16/00112},
organization = {Carlos III Institute of Health, Ministry of Science and Innovation (Spain)},
organization = {European Union - NextGenerationEU funds, through the Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS)	RD21/0016/0012	
RD21/0016/0029	
RD21/0016/0005	
RD21/0016/0009	
RD21/0016/0001},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
keywords = {Diagnostic accuracy},
keywords = {Major depression},
keywords = {Patient health questionnaire},
keywords = {Primary health care},
keywords = {Validity study},
title = {Utility of PHQ-2, PHQ-8 and PHQ-9 for detecting major depression in primary health care: a validation study in Spain},
doi = {10.1017/S0033291722002835},
author = {Gómez Gómez, Irene and Benítez Baena, Isabel},
}