@misc{10481/71145,
year = {2021},
month = {8},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/71145},
abstract = {Background: Humans are regularly exposed to metals and metalloids present in air, water, food, soil and domestic
materials. Most of them can cross the placental barrier and cause adverse impacts on the developing foetus.
Objectives: To describe the prenatal concentrations of metals and metalloids and to study the associated sociodemographic,
environmental and dietary factors in pregnant Spanish women.
Methods: Subjects were 1346 pregnant women of the INMA Project, for whom the following metals arsenic (As),
cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se),
thallium (Tl) and zinc (Zn) were determined in urine, at both the first and the third trimesters of gestation.
Sociodemographic, dietary and environmental information was collected through questionnaires during pregnancy.
Multiple linear mixed models were built in order to study the association between each metal and
metalloid concentrations and the sociodemographic, environmental and dietary factors.
Results: The most detected compounds were As, Co, Mo, Sb, Se and Zn at both trimesters. Zn was the element
found in the highest concentrations at both trimesters and Tl was detected in the lowest concentrations. We
observed significant associations between As, Cd, Cu, Sb, Tl and Zn concentrations and working situation, social
class and age. Seafood, meat, fruits, nuts, vegetables and alcohol intake affected the levels of all the metals but Cd
and Cu. Proximity to industrial areas, fields and air pollution were related to all metals except Cd, Sb and Se. Conclusions: This is the first large prospective longitudinal study on the exposure to metals and metalloids during
pregnancy and associated factors to include several cohorts in Spain. The present study shows that some
modifiable lifestyles, food intakes and environmental factors could be associated with prenatal exposure to metal
(loid)s, which may be considered in further studies to assess their relationship with neonatal health outcomes.},
organization = {European Commission	282957	
HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1},
organization = {Spain: ISCIII	Red INMA G03/176	
CB06/02/0041	
CIBERESP},
organization = {Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO	UGP 15-230	
UGP-15-244	
UGP-15-249	
AICO/2020/285},
organization = {Alicia Koplowitz Foundation},
organization = {Generalitat de Catalunya},
organization = {General Electric	CIRIT 1999SGR 00241},
organization = {Department of Health of the Basque Government	2005111093	
2009111069	
2013111089	
2015111065},
organization = {Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa	DFG06/002	
DFG08/001	
DFG15/221},
organization = {Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities	CEX2018000806-S},
organization = {Generalitat de Catalunya},
organization = {General Electric},
organization = {Spain (FIS-FEDER)	PI03/1615	
PI04/1509	
PI04/1112	
PI04/1931	
PI05/1079	
PI05/1052	
PI06/0867	
PI06/1213	
PI07/0314	
PI09/00090	
PI09/02647	
PI11/01007	
PI11/02591	
PI11/02038	
PI13/1944	
PI13/2032	
PI13/02187},
organization = {Spain (Miguel Servet FEDER)	MS15/00025	
MS20/0006	
CPII16/00051},
organization = {Spain (FIS-FSE)	17/00260},
organization = {the Spain (FIS-FEDER)	PI14/00891	
PI14/01687	
PI16/1288	
PI17/00663	
PI18/01142	
PI19/1338},
publisher = {Elsevier},
keywords = {Metals},
keywords = {Metalloids},
keywords = {Prenatal exposure},
keywords = {Environmental exposure},
keywords = {Diet},
title = {Exposure to metals and metalloids among pregnant women from Spain: Levels and associated factors},
doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131809},
author = {Lozano, Manuel and Gil Hernández, Fernando and Olmedo Palma, Pablo},
}