@misc{10481/70993,
year = {2021},
month = {6},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/70993},
abstract = {Background: Breast milk is considered to offer the best nutrition to infants; however, it may be a source of
exposure to environmental chemicals such as perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFAS) for breastfeeding infants. PFAS
are a complex group of synthetic chemicals whose high stability has led to their ubiquitous contamination of the
environment.
Objective: To assess the concentrations and profiles of PFAS in breast milk from donors to a human milk bank and
explore factors potentially related to this exposure.
Methods: Pooled milk samples were collected from 82 donors to the Human Milk Bank of the Virgen de las Nieves
University Hospital (Granada, Spain). Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass
spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was applied to determine milk concentrations of 11 PFAS, including long-chain
and short-chain compounds. A questionnaire was used to collect information on donors’ socio-demographic
characteristics, lifestyle, diet, and use of personal care products (PCPs). Factors related to individual and total
PFAS concentrations were evaluated by multivariate regression analysis.
Results: PFAS were detected in 24–100% of breast milk samples. PFHpA was detected in 100% of samples, followed
by PFOA (84%), PFNA (71%), PFHxA (66%), and PFTrDA (62%). Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was
detected in only 34% of donors. The median concentrations ranged from <0.66 ng/dL (perfluorohexane sulfonic
acid [PFHxS]) to 19.39 ng/L (PFHpA). The median of the sum of PFAS concentrations was 87.67 ng/L and was
higher for short-chain than long-chain PFAS. Factors most frequently associated with increased PFAS concentrations
included intake of creatin animal food items and use of PCPs such as skin care and makeup products.
Conclusions: Several PFAS, including short-chain compounds, are detected in pooled donor milk samples. Breast
milk may be an important pathway for the PFAS exposure of breastfed infants, including preterm infants in
NICUs. Despite the reduced sample size, these data suggest that various lifestyle factors influence PFAS concentrations,
highlighting the use of PCPs.},
organization = {"UNETE research unit" of the Centro de Investigacion Biomedica (University of Granada)},
organization = {European Union Commission (The European Human Biomonitoring Initiative H2020-EJP-HBM4EU)},
organization = {Biomedical Research Networking Center-CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP)},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III	PI16/01820	
PI16/01812	
PI16/01858	
PI17/01743	
PI17/01526	
FI17/00316	
CD17/00212	
INT18/00060	
MS16/00085},
organization = {"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional" (ISCIII/FEDER)	FI17/00316	
CD17/00212	
INT18/00060	
MS16/00085},
organization = {University of Granada/CBUA},
publisher = {Elsevier},
keywords = {Perfluoroalkyl substances},
keywords = {PFOA},
keywords = {PFOS},
keywords = {Breast milk},
keywords = {Human Milk Banks},
keywords = {Preterm infants},
title = {Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in donor breast milk in Southern Spain and their potential determinants},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113796},
author = {Serrano, Laura and Iribarne Durán, Luz María and Suárez, Beatriz and Artacho Cordón, Francisco and Vela Soria, Fernando and Peña Caballero, Manuela and Hurtado, José A. and Olea Serrano, Nicolás and Fernández Cabrera, Mariana Fátima and Freire, Carmen},
}