@misc{10481/67677,
year = {2021},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/67677},
abstract = {Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Whereas qualitative and ethnographic data suggest that many cultures conceptualize manhood as precarious, quantitative research has yet to demonstrate the cross-cultural consistency of precarious manhood beliefs. Here, we examined the psychometric isomorphism, or measurement invariance, of a brief precarious manhood beliefs scale (the PMB). Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N=33,417), we examined: (1) the isomorphism of the PMB across individual and country levels; (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies (e.g., ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; Glick & Fiske, 1996, 1999); and (3) associations of the PMB with country-level indices of gender equality (the GGGI; World Economic Forum, 2019) and human development (the HDI; United Nations Development Programme, 2019). Findings indicate that the PMB is a psychometrically valid and isomorphic index of beliefs about the male gender role that accounts for unique variance in country-level gender equality and human development.},
organization = {National Science Center, Poland


	
2017/26/M/HS6/00360},
organization = {United States Department of Health & Human Services

National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA

NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
	
RL5GM118963},
organization = {Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain 
	
RTI2018-093550-B-I00},
organization = {Grant Agency of the Czech Republic
	
20-01214S},
organization = {Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences 
	
RVO: 68081740},
organization = {UK Research & Innovation (UKRI)

Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC)
	
ES/S00274X/1},
organization = {Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness 
	
PSI2016-79971-P},
organization = {European Research Council (ERC)

European Commission
	
ERC-2016-COG 725128},
organization = {Swedish Research Council

Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte)
	
2017-00414},
organization = {University of Brasilia 
	
04/2019},
publisher = {Sage Publications},
keywords = {Psychometric isomorphism},
keywords = {Precarious manhood beliefs},
keywords = {Ambivalent sexism},
keywords = {Ambivalence toward men},
title = {Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations},
doi = {10.1177/0022022121997997},
author = {Bosson, Jennifer K. and Lemus Martín, Soledad De and Moreno Bella, Eva and Zapata Calvente, Antonella Ludmila},
}