@misc{10481/62213,
year = {2020},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/62213},
abstract = {El tratamiento de los efluentes provenientes de la industria textil constituye un importante desafío tecnológico. La descoloración de dichas aguas residuales mediante métodos químicos, físicos y biológicos tradicionales presenta como principales desventajas los elevados costos, bajas eficiencias y aplicabilidad limitada. Por estas razones, el propósito de esta tesis es proporcionar, desde un enfoque interdisciplinar, soluciones innovadoras para la resolución de dichos problemas. Asimismo, también se plantea en esta tesis la valorización de un importante residuo agroindustrial generado ampliamente en la región sur de Brasil, el residuo de la palmera pupuña (Bactris gasipaes). Para ello, se han realizado ensayos de degradación de colorantes sintéticos mediante fermentación en estado sólido (FES) en presencia del hongo de podredumbre blanca Ganoderma lucidum EF 31 cultivado en el residuo de pupuña. El cultivo en estado sólido se realizó variándose las cantidades del residuo de pupuña (R), volúmenes de fase líquida (V) y concentraciones de colorante (C). El análisis de los datos experimentales muestra todos los factores considerados (V, C y R) afectan de forma significativa a la producción de la enzima lacasa y a la degradación de los colorantes. Experimentos realizados con el colorante Remazol Brilliant Blue R mostraron que la condición que conduce al mayor porcentaje de eliminación de color (97%) conduce igualmente a la mayor actividad lacasa. Adicionalmente, los datos experimentales indican la existencia de un efecto inhibitorio en el metabolismo fúngico al aumentar la dosis de los efluentes textiles. Por otra parte, se realizaron ensayos con diferentes tipos de hongos de podredumbre blanca para evaluar la eficacia de la fermentación de estado sólido frente a la fermentación sumergida y a la adsorción como estrategias para la decoloración de los efluentes textiles. El mayor porcentaje de decoloración (80%) se alcanzó a los 10 días de fermentación en estado sólido usando el hongo G. lucidum EF 31. De forma adicional, la eficacia de decoloración y la actividad de la enzima lacasa también fueron evaluadas en ensayos con biorreactores de 2 y 15 L de capacidad. Los altos valores de eficacia de descoloración obtenidos (superiores a 80%) ponen en evidencia la eficiencia del sistema propuesto. Por tanto, el uso del residuo de pupuña y el empleo del sistema FES proporciona un hábitat adecuado para el crecimiento del hongo G. lucidum y la consiguiente producción de lacasa, enzima necesaria para la degradación de los colorantes textiles.},
abstract = {The treatment of effluent from the textile industry is an important technological
challenge. Decoloration of wastewater by traditional chemical, physical and biological
methods presents as major drawbacks: the high costs, low efficiency and limited
applicability. For these reasons, the purpose of this thesis is to have an interdisciplinary
approach with innovative solutions to solve these problems. In addition, there is a
valorization of an important agroindustrial residue generated largely in the southern
region of Brazil, the residue of the pupunha palm (Bactris gasipaes). In these sence,
degradation tests of synthetic dyes were carried out through solid state fermentation
(SSF) in the presence of white rot fungi with pupunha residue. Solid state fermentation
was performed under different operating conditions: amount of residue, volume of
liquid phase and concentrations of dye. The experimental study of the data shows that
the ligninolytic enzyme produced in greater quantity by G. lucidum the laccase. The
control experiments performed with Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) showed that the
condition with the highest percentage of color removal (97%) was conducted by laccase
activity. For the experiments carried out with industrial effluents, the major activities of
laccase were obtained in low concentrations of effluents, suggesting the existence of an
inhibitory effect in the fungal metabolism. On the other hand, tests were carried out
with different types of white rot fungi to evaluate the efficacy of solid state fermentation
against submerged fermentation (SF) and adsorption as strategies for the decoloration of
textile effluents. The highest percentage of decoloration (80%) was reached after 10
days of solid state fermentation using the fungus G. lucidum EF 31, and there were no
significant differences in relation to the other two fungi. Therefore, it was concluded
that the addition of pupunha residues and the use of the SSF system provide a suitable
habitat for the growth of the fungus and the consequent production of the lacase
enzyme, necessary for the effluent decoloration. These results were taken as a basis for
the scale of the system, using first a reactor of 2 L of capacity and finally one of 15 L.
These experiments, of 50 days, were realized with the fungus G. lucidum and the dye
Remazol Brilhant Blue R (RBBR) and the efficacy of decoloration, laccase activity and
pH inside the bioreactor were analyzed. The adsorption process was studied by
characterizing the interactions between the functional groups present on the surface of
the residue and the dye molecules using infrared Fourier transform (FTIR)
spectroscopy. In the 2 L bioreactor, decoloration reached almost 80% and the laccase
activity was 847.2 IU.mL-1. In the 15 L bioreactor, the decoloration reached 91%. In the
adsorption studies performed with the pupunha residue, 50% of the color removal was
achieved in the first 24 hours, but the decrease in the pH recorded in this experiment
may be due to the growth of other microorganisms, which would contribute to the
decoloration. The results of the solid state fermentation test, regardless of the size of the
bioreactor used, clearly indicate that the G. lucidum fungus that grows on the pupunha
residue has the ability to decolor the textile effluents, particularly those containing the
RBBR dye.},
organization = {Tesis Univ. Granada.},
organization = {Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) (Grant 402593/2013-8), and to the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for the scholarships},
publisher = {Universidad de Granada},
keywords = {Tecnología de la fermentación},
keywords = {Tecnología de aguas residuales},
keywords = {Eliminación de residuos},
keywords = {Hongos},
title = {Decoloration of dye from the efluents of the textile industry by macromicetos},
author = {Chicatto, Juliane Andressa},
}