High-intensity physiological activation disrupts the neural signatures of conflict processing Avancini, Chiara Ciria Pérez, Luis Fernando Alameda, Clara Palenciano Castro, Ana Francisca Canales Johnson, Andrés A. Bekinschtein, Tristan Sanabria Lucena, Daniel Physiological activation fluctuates throughout the day. Previous studies have shown that during periods of reduced activation, cognitive control remains resilient due to neural compensatory mechanisms. In this study, we investigate the effects of high physiological activation on both behavioural and neuralmarkers of cognitive control.We hypothesize that while behavioural measures of cognitive control would remain intact during periods of high activation, there would be observable changes in neural correlates. In our electroencephalography study, we manipulate levels of physiological activation through physical exercise. Although we observe no significant impact on behavioural measures of cognitive conflict, both univariate and multivariate time-frequency markers prove unreliable under conditions of high activation. Moreover, we observe no modulation of wholebrain connectivity measures by physiological activation. We suggest that this dissociation between behavioural and neural measures indicates that the human cognitive control system remains resilient even at high activation, possibly due to underlying neural compensatory mechanisms. 2024-12-11T09:38:19Z 2024-12-11T09:38:19Z 2024-12-05 journal article Avancini, C. et. al. Commun Biol 7, 1625 (2024). [https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06851-w] https://hdl.handle.net/10481/97886 10.1038/s42003-024-06851-w eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Springer Nature