Effect of a brief intervention for alcohol and illicit drug use on trauma recidivism in a cohort of trauma patients Cordovilla Guardia, Sergio Alejandro Fernández Mondéjar, Enrique Ángel Vilar López, Raquel Navas, Juan F. Portillo Santamaría, Mónica Rico Martín, Sergio Lardelli Claret, Pablo Objective Estimate the effectiveness of brief interventions in reducing trauma recidivism in hospitalized trauma patients who screened positive for alcohol and/or illicit drug use. Methods Dynamic cohort study based on registry data from 1818 patients included in a screening and brief intervention program for alcohol and illicit drug use for hospitalized trauma patients. Three subcohorts emerged from the data analysis: patients who screened negative, those who screened positive and were offered brief intervention, and those who screened positive and were not offered brief intervention. Follow-up lasted from 10 to 52 months. Trauma-free survival, adjusted hazard rate ratios (aHRR) and adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) were calculated, and complier average causal effect (CACE) analysis was used. Results We found a higher cumulative risk of trauma recidivism in the subcohort who screened positive. In this subcohort, an aHRR of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.41±0.95) was obtained for the group offered brief intervention compared to the group not offered intervention. CACE analysis yielded an estimated 52% reduction in trauma recidivism associated with the brief intervention. Conclusion The brief intervention offered during hospitalization in trauma patients positive for alcohol and/or illicit drug use can halve the incidence of trauma recidivism. 2024-10-04T07:51:01Z 2024-10-04T07:51:01Z 2017-08-16 journal article Cordovilla-Guardia S, Fernández-Mondéjar E, Vilar-López R, Navas JF, Portillo-Santamaría M, Rico-Martín S, et al. (2017) Effect of a brief intervention for alcohol and illicit drug use on trauma recidivism in a cohort of trauma patients. PLoS ONE 12(8): e0182441. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182441 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/95511 10.1371/journal.pone.0182441 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ open access Atribución 4.0 Internacional Plos One