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   <ow:Publication rdf:about="oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/95158">
      <dc:title>Evaluation of inflammatory biomarkers and their association with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers in healthcare workers vaccinated with BNT162B2</dc:title>
      <dc:creator>Leno Durán, Ester</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Serrano-Conde Sánchez, Esther</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Salas-Rodriguez, Ana</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Barrios Rodríguez, Rocío</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Fuentes, Ana</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Viñuela, Laura</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>García, Federico</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Requena Méndez, María del Pilar</dc:creator>
      <dc:subject>COVID-19</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>BTN162b2</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>SARS-CoV-2</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Anti-spike antibodies</dc:subject>
      <dc:description>Introduction: Vaccine-induced immunity against COVID-19 generates antibody&#xd;
and lymphocyte responses. However, variability in antibody titers has been&#xd;
observed after vaccination, and the determinants of a better response should&#xd;
be studied. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze the&#xd;
inflammatory biomarker response induced in healthcare workers vaccinated&#xd;
with BNT162b2, and its association with anti-Spike (a SARS-CoV-2 antigen)&#xd;
antibodies measured throughout a 1-year follow-up.&#xd;
Methods: Anti-spike antibodies and 92 biomarkers were analyzed in serum,&#xd;
along with socio-demographic and clinical variables collected by interview&#xd;
or exploration.&#xd;
Results: In our study, four biomarkers (ADA, IL-17C, CCL25 and CD8a) increased&#xd;
their expression after the first vaccine dose; and 8 others (uPA, IL-18R1, ENRAGE,&#xd;
CASP-8, MCP-2, TNFb, CD5 and CXCL10) decreased their expression.&#xd;
Age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, and prevalent&#xd;
diseases were associated with some of these biomarkers. Furthermore, higher&#xd;
baseline levels of T-cell surface glycoprotein CD6 and hepatocyte growth factor&#xd;
(HGF) were associated with lower mean antibody titers at follow-up, while levels&#xd;
of monocyte chemotactic protein 2 (MCP-2) had a positive association with&#xd;
antibody levels. Age and BMI were positively related to baseline levels of MCP-2&#xd;
(b=0.02, 95%CI 0.00-0.04, p=0.036) and HGF (b=0.03, 95%CI 0.00-0.06,&#xd;
p=0.039), respectively. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that primary BNT162b2 vaccination had a&#xd;
positive effect on the levels of several biomarkers related to T cell function, and a&#xd;
negative one on some others related to cancer or inflammatory processes. In&#xd;
addition, a higher level of MCP-2 and lower levels of HGF and CD6 were found to&#xd;
be associated with higher anti-Spike antibody titer following vaccination.</dc:description>
      <dc:date>2024-09-26T11:23:18Z</dc:date>
      <dc:date>2024-09-26T11:23:18Z</dc:date>
      <dc:date>2024-08-23</dc:date>
      <dc:type>journal article</dc:type>
      <dc:identifier>Leno Duran, E. et. al. Front. Immunol. 15:1447317. [https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1447317]</dc:identifier>
      <dc:identifier>https://hdl.handle.net/10481/95158</dc:identifier>
      <dc:identifier>10.3389/fimmu.2024.1447317</dc:identifier>
      <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
      <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</dc:rights>
      <dc:rights>open access</dc:rights>
      <dc:rights>Atribución 4.0 Internacional</dc:rights>
      <dc:publisher>Frontiers Media</dc:publisher>
   </ow:Publication>
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