Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on Cognitive Function According to Dietary Exposure to Bisphenols in a Sample of Spanish Schoolchildren Ramírez, Viviana González-Palacios, Patricia González Domenech, Pablo José Jaimez-Pérez, Sonia Baca, Miguel A. Rodrigo Conde Salazar, Lourdes T. Álvarez Cubero, María Jesús Monteagudo Sánchez, Celia Martínez González, Luis Javier Rivas Velasco, Ana María Cognitive function Neurodevelopmental disorders Genetic polymorphism Background: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) like intellectual disability (ID) are highly heritable, but the environment plays an important role. For example, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues, have been termed neuroendocrine disruptors. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different genetic polymorphisms (SNPs) on cognitive function in Spanish schoolchildren according to dietary bisphenol exposure. Methods: A total of 102 children aged 6–12 years old were included. Ten SNPs in genes involved in brain development, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmission (BDNF, NTRK2, HTR2A, MTHFR, OXTR, SLC6A2, and SNAP25) were genotyped. Then, dietary exposure to bisphenols (BPA plus BPS) was estimated and cognitive functions were assessed using the WISC-V Spanish form. Results: BDNF rs11030101-T and SNAP25 rs363039-A allele carriers scored better on the fluid reasoning domain, except for those inheriting the BDNF rs6265-A allele, who had lower scores. Secondly, relevant SNP–bisphenol interactions existed in verbal comprehension (NTRK2 rs10868235 (p-int = 0.043)), working memory (HTR2A rs7997012 (p-int = 0.002), MTHFR rs1801133 (p-int = 0.026), and OXTR rs53576 (p-int = 0.030)) and fluid reasoning (SLC6A2 rs998424 (p-int = 0.004)). Conclusions: Our findings provide the first proof that exploring the synergistic or additive effects between genetic variability and bisphenol exposure on cognitive function could lead to a better understanding of the multifactorial and polygenic aetiology of NDDs. 2024-09-17T10:28:01Z 2024-09-17T10:28:01Z 2024-08-10 journal article Ramírez, V.; González- Palacios, P.; González-Domenech, P.J.; Jaimez-Pérez, S.; Baca,M.A.; Rodrigo, L.; Álvarez-Cubero,M.J.;Monteagudo, C.; Martínez-González, L.J.; Rivas, A. Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on Cognitive Function According to Dietary Exposure to Bisphenols in a Sample of Spanish Schoolchildren. Nutrients 2024, 16, 2639. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16162639 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/94606 10.3390/nu16162639 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ open access Atribución 4.0 Internacional MDPI