Histopathological comparison of healing after maxillary sinus augmentation using xenograft mixed with autogenous bone versus allograft mixed with autogenous bone Galindo Moreno, Pablo Antonio González de Buitrago García, Juan Eladio Padial Molina, Miguel Fernández Barbero, Juan Emilio Ata Ali, Javier O'Valle Ravassa, Francisco Javier Maxillary sinus augmentation Biomaterials Anorganic bovine bone Dental implants This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [Galindo-Moreno P, de Buitrago JG, Padial-Molina M, Fernández-Barbero JE, Ata-Ali J, O′Valle F. Histopathological comparison of healing after maxillary sinus augmentation using xenograft mixed with autogenous bone versus allograft mixed with autogenous bone. Clinical Oral Implants Research, 2018, 29(2): 192-201], which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.13098]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited. Objective: To compare the clinical and histologic outcomes of two different grafting materials (allograft and xenograft) when combined with autogenous bone and covered with a collagen membrane for sinus augmentation. Material & Methods: A parallel case series of fourteen patients in need of a unilateral sinus augmentation was evaluated in this study. Seven patients received a graft composed by autologous cortical bone and anorganic bovine bone in a ratio of 1:1; the other seven patients received autologous cortical bone mixed with an allograft in the same ratio. Bone biopsies were obtained 6 months after sinus augmentation at the time of implant placement. Comparative histomorphometrical, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were conducted and statistically analyzed. Results: After 12 months of functional loading, all implants in both groups were clinical and radiographically successful. Histomorphometrically, although the initial bone formation was not significantly different between groups (new mineralized tissue: 41.03(12.87)% vs. 34.50(13.18)%, p=0.620; allograft vs. xenograft groups), the graft resorbed faster in the allograft group (remnant graft particles: 9.83(7.77)% vs. 21.71(17.88)%; p=0.026; allograft vs. xenograft groups). Non-mineralized tissue did not statistically differ either (49.00(14.32)% vs. 43.79(19.90)%; p=0.710; allograft vs. xenograft groups). The histologic analyses revealed higher cellular content, four times more osteoid lines and higher vascularization in the xenograft group. Musashi-1 (mesenchymal stromal cell marker) was also more intensively expressed in the xenograft group (p=0.019). Conclusions: Both composite grafts generate adequate substratum to receive dental implants after healing. Compared with the xenograft composite, allograft composite shows faster turnover and a quicker decrease in biological action after 6 months. 2024-07-01T06:55:37Z 2024-07-01T06:55:37Z 2018 journal article Published version: Galindo-Moreno P, Nilsson P, King P, Worsaae N, Schramm A, Padial-Molina M, Maiorana C. Clinical and radiographic evaluation of early loaded narrow diameter implants: 5-years follow-up of a multicentre prospective clinical study. Clinical Oral Implants Research, 28(12), 2017, 1584–1591. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/92884 10.1111/clr.13029 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Wiley