2D:4D values are associated with mathematics performance in business and economics students Sánchez Domínguez, María Ángeles Sánchez Campillo, José Moreno Herrero, María Dolores Rosales López, Virginia Helena Prenatal sex hormones 2D:4D Digit ratio Mathematics performance Sex differences Education economics Financial Support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (ECO2010-17049), Fundación Ramón Areces R + D (2011), and the University of Granada (PID 11-111) is gratefully acknowledged. Prenatal testosterone has organizational effects on adult cognition. The second-to-fourth digit length ratio, which is a proxy of prenatal testosterone exposure, has been linked to a wide variety of sexually differentiated behaviors. We analyze the association between academic performance and the second-to-fourth digit ratio among students at the Faculty of Business and Economics of the University of Granada (Spain). In a sample of 516 freshmen (304 women), we find an inverted U-shaped relationship between digit ratio and mathematics grades. Males and females show the same pattern. Participants with both high and low digit ratios earn lower grades in mathematics, while participants which have intermediate digit ratios achieve the highest grades in mathematics. We also find that there is no statistically significant relationship between the digit ratio and the average grades earned by students in other courses exceptmathematics taken in the first semester at the Faculty of Business and Economics. 2024-04-02T09:21:42Z 2024-04-02T09:21:42Z 2014-12 journal article Sánchez, A., Sánchez-Campillo, J., Moreno-Herrero, D., & Rosales, V. (2014). 2D:4D values are associated with mathematics performance in business and economics students. Learning and Individual Differences, 36, 110-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2014.10.001 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/90301 10.1016/j.lindif.2014.10.001 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Elsevier