Myxococcus xanthus predation: an updated overview Contreras Moreno, Francisco Javier Pérez Torres, Juana Muñoz Dorado, José Moraleda Muñoz, Aurelio Marcos Torres, Francisco Javier Bacterial interaction Bacterial predation Hydrolytic enzymes Metals Motility Myxobacteria Predator-prey interactions Secondary metabolites Bacterial predators are widely distributed across a variety of natural environments. Understanding predatory interactions is of great importance since they play a defining role in shaping microbial communities in habitats such as soils. Myxococcus xanthus is a soil-dwelling bacterial predator that can prey on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and even on eukaryotic microorganisms. This model organism has been studied for many decades for its unusual lifecycle, characterized by the formation of multicellular fruiting bodies filled with myxospores. However, less is known about its predatory behavior despite being an integral part of its lifecycle. Predation in M. xanthus is a multifactorial process that involves several mechanisms working synergistically, including motility systems to efficiently track and hunt prey, and a combination of short-range and contact-dependent mechanisms to achieve prey death and feed on them. In the short-range attack, M. xanthus is best known for the collective production of secondary metabolites and hydrolytic enzymes to kill prey and degrade cellular components. On the other hand, contact-dependent killing is a cell-to-cell process that relies on Tad-like and type III secretion systems. Furthermore, recent research has revealed that metals also play an important role during predation, either by inducing oxidative stress in the prey, or by competing for essential metals. In this paper, we review the current knowledge about M. xanthus predation, focusing on the different mechanisms used to hunt, kill, and feed on its prey, considering the most recent discoveries and the transcriptomic data available. 2024-02-15T10:57:08Z 2024-02-15T10:57:08Z 2024-01-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Contreras-Moreno, F. J., Pérez, J., Muñoz-Dorado, J., Moraleda-Muñoz, A., & Marcos-Torres, F. J. (2024). Myxococcus xanthus predation: an updated overview. Frontiers in microbiology, 15, 1339696. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/89194 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1339696 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Frontiers Media SA