Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 Modulate Macrophage Gene Expression and Ameliorate Damage Markers in the Liver of Zucker-Leprfa/fa Rats. Fontana Gallego, Luis Plaza Díaz, Julio Robles Bolívar, Paula Sáez Lara, María José Abadía Molina, Francisco Gómez Llorente, Carolina Gil Hernández, Ángel Álvarez Mercado, Ana Isabel Macrophage Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Este trabajo demuestra que el uso de probióticos es una vía terapéutica para el tratamiento del hígado graso no alcohólico. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has reached pandemic proportions worldwide. We have previously reported that the probiotic strains Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 exert anti-inflammatory effects in the intestine of Zucker-Leprfa/fa rats. In this work, we focused on their hepatic effects. M1 macrophages are related to inflammation and NAFLD pathogenesis, whereas M2 macrophages release anti-inflammatory mediators. We evaluated the effects of these 3 strains on macrophage polarization, inflammation and liver damage of Zucker-Leprfa/fa rats. The animals received either a placebo or 1010 CFU of probiotics orally for 30 days. Nos2 and Cd86 mRNA levels were determined as markers of M1 macrophages, and Cd163 and Arg1 as M2 markers, respectively, by qRT-PCR. Liver damage was determined by lipid peroxidation, leukocyte infiltration and myeloperoxidase activity. We evaluated a panoply of circulating chemokines, the hepatic ratio P-Akt/Akt, NF-kB and P-NF-kB protein levels. All 3 probiotic strains modulated macrophage polarization in liver and circulating levels of inflammation-related mediators. L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 increased the ratio P-Akt/Akt and NF-kB protein levels. B. breve CNCM I-4035, L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 and L. rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 decreased both pro-inflammatory macrophage gene expression and leukocyte infiltration in the liver. 2023-12-19T10:55:37Z 2023-12-19T10:55:37Z 2021-01-11 journal article Fontana, L.; Plaza-Díaz, J.; Robles-Bolívar, P.; Valente-Godínez, H.; Sáez-Lara, M.J.; Abadía-Molina, F.; Gómez-Llorente, C.; Gil, Á.; Álvarez-Mercado, A.I. Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 Modulate Macrophage Gene Expression and Ameliorate Damage Markers in the Liver of Zucker-Leprfa/fa Rats. Nutrients 2021, 13, 202. [https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13010202] https://hdl.handle.net/10481/86343 10.3390/nu13010202 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ open access Atribución 4.0 Internacional MDPI