Efficiency of water service management alternatives in Spain considering environmental factors De la Higuera Molina, Emilio José Campos Alba, Cristina María López-Pérez, Germán Zafra Gómez, José Luis Public services Delivery forms Efficiency The main aim of this study is to identify the most efficient forms of management for municipal water supply services, taking into account exogenous factors. The study is based on a sample of 1518 Spanish municipalities, all with 1000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for the year 2019. The study method consists of analysing order-m partial frontiers subjected to environmental factors. The main results obtained indicate that mixed management forms achieve the highest levels of efficiency. 2023-11-27T13:03:06Z 2023-11-27T13:03:06Z 2023-08-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article E.J. de la Higuera-Molina et al. Efficiency of water service management alternatives in Spain considering environmental factors. Utilities Policy 84 (2023) 101644 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2023.101644] https://hdl.handle.net/10481/85876 10.1016/j.jup.2023.101644 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Elsevier