From Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Liver Cancer: Microbiota and Inflammation as Key Players Rodríguez Lara, Avilene Rueda Robles, Ascensión Sáez Lara, María José Plaza Díaz, Julio Álvarez Mercado, Ana Isabel Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Cáncer Gut–liver axis Hepatocarcinoma Microbiome Inflammation It is estimated that 25% of the world’s population has non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This disease can advance to a more severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a disease with a greater probability of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NASH could be characterized as a necro-inflammatory complication of chronic hepatic steatosis. The combination of factors that lead to NASH and its progression to HCC in the setting of inflammation is not clearly understood. The portal vein is the main route of communication between the intestine and the liver. This allows the transfer of products derived from the intestine to the liver and the hepatic response pathway of bile and antibody secretion to the intestine. The intestinal microbiota performs a fundamental role in the regulation of immune function, but it can undergo changes that alter its functionality. These changes can also contribute to cancer by disrupting the immune system and causing chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, both of which are implicated in cancer development. In this article, we address the link between inflammation, microbiota and HCC.We also review the different in vitro models, as well as recent clinical trials addressing liver cancer and microbiota. 2023-09-26T07:22:59Z 2023-09-26T07:22:59Z 2023-07-15 journal article Rodríguez-Lara, A.; Rueda-Robles, A.; Sáez-Lara, M.J.; Plaza-Diaz, J.; Álvarez-Mercado, A.I. From Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Liver Cancer: Microbiota and Inflammation as Key Players. Pathogens 2023, 12, 940. [https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12070940] https://hdl.handle.net/10481/84653 10.3390/pathogens12070940 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ open access Atribución 4.0 Internacional MDPI