SO2-Induced Aging of Hematite- and Cinnabar-Based Tempera Paint Mock-Ups: Influence of Binder Type/Pigment Size and Composition Pozo Antonio, José Santiago Cardell Fernández, Carolina Tempera mock-up Sulphation Egg yolk Rabbit glue Accelerated aging Supplementary Materials: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/min13020289/s1, Figure S1: Diffractograms of hematite paintmock- ups before and after SO2-exposure test. Figure S2: Diffractograms of CIN-ST paint-mock-ups before and after SO2-exposure test. Figure S3: Diffractograms of CIN-EF paint-mock-ups before and after SO2-exposure test. Figure S4: Diffractograms of CIN-M paint-mock-ups before and after SO2- exposure test. Figure S5: Diffractograms of CIN-C paint-mock-ups before and after SO2-exposure test. Hematite- and cinnabar-based paint mock-ups prepared with either rabbit glue or egg yolk binder were artificially aged in an SO2-rich atmosphere, as a model system for investigating the deterioration of tempera paints exposed to an industrial atmosphere. The overall research aim was to identify the type of degradation occurring in tempera paints and the different alteration mechanisms related to the physical, mineralogical and chemical characteristics of the paint. Tempera mock-ups were prepared by mixing binder (egg yolk or rabbit glue) and pigment (cinnabar of different particle sizes or hematite) and were then exposed to SO2 for 2 months in accelerated aging tests. The colour, gloss, reflectance, roughness and micro-texture of the surfaces of the mock-ups were determined before and after the tests. In addition, chemical and mineralogical changes were determined by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEMEDS) analysis. Colorimetric changes were confirmed, mainly in the cinnabar-based paints containing egg yolk, and in the hematite-based paints containing rabbit glue. Neoformed mineral phases have not been detected by XRPD, but precipitation of gypsum on the exposed surfaces has been confirmed by SEM. For cinnabar-based paints, the amount of sulfate-rich deposits was higher on egg yolk mock-ups than on rabbit glue samples, though the opposite was observed for the hematite-based paints. This confirmed the influence of the binder composition and pigment-binder tandem in the susceptibility to SO2 deposition. Pigment particle size did not have a clear influence on the physical and chemical changes in the tempera mock-ups during the ageing tests. 2023-04-14T09:11:46Z 2023-04-14T09:11:46Z 2023-02-18 journal article Pozo-Antonio, J.S.; Jiménez-Desmond, D.; De Villalobos, L.; Mato, A.; Dionísio, A.; Rivas, T.; Cardell, C. SO2-Induced Aging of Hematite- and Cinnabar-Based Tempera Paint Mock-Ups: Influence of Binder Type/Pigment Size and Composition. Minerals 2023, 13, 289. [https://doi.org/10.3390/min13020289] https://hdl.handle.net/10481/81046 10.3390/min13020289 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ open access Atribución 4.0 Internacional MDPI