Relationships between Personality Traits and Brain Gray Matter Are Different in Risky and Non-risky Drivers Mas Cuesta, Laura Cándido Ortiz, Antonio Catena Martínez, Andrés We would like to thank the support of the Andalusian Regional Government, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), to the Brain, Behavior, and Health, scientific excellence unit (SC2), ref: SOMM17/6103/UGR. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness (PSI2016-80558-R) awarded to A.Ct. and a predoctoral fellowship of the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (FPU18/03263) to L.M. We would also like to thank the professional English proofreader, yourenglishlab, for her work. Personality traits such as impulsivity or sensitivity to rewards and punishments have been associated with risky driving behavior, but it is still unclear how brain anatomy is related to these traits as a function of risky driving. In the present study, we explore the neuroanatomical basis of risky driving behavior and how the level of risk-taking influences the relationship between the traits of impulsivity and sensitivity to rewards and punishments and brain gray matter volume. One hundred forty-four participants with different risk-taking tendencies assessed by real-life driving situations underwent MRI. Personality traits were assessed with selfreport measures. We observed that the total gray matter volume varied as a function of risky driving tendencies, with higher risk individuals showing lower gray matter volumes. Similar results were found for volumes of brain areas involved in the reward and cognitive control networks, such as the frontotemporal, parietal, limbic, and cerebellar cortices. We have also shown that sensitivity to reward and punishment and impulsivity are differentially related to gray matter volumes as a function of risky driving tendencies. Highly risky individuals show lower absolute correlations with gray matter volumes than less risk-prone individuals. Taken together, our results show that risky drivers differ in the brain structure of the areas involved in reward processing, cognitive control, and behavioral modulation, which may lead to dysfunctional decision-making and riskier driving behavior. 2022-05-19T11:52:17Z 2022-05-19T11:52:17Z 2022-04-05 journal article Laura Mas-Cuesta... [et al.]. "Relationships between Personality Traits and Brain Gray Matter Are Different in Risky and Non-risky Drivers", Behavioural Neurology, vol. 2022, Article ID 1775777, 15 pages, 2022. [https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1775777] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/74933 10.1155/2022/1775777 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ open access Atribución 3.0 España Hindawi