Anthropometric Parameters, Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Executive Functions among Primary School Children Contreras Osorio, Falonn Harryet Chirosa Ríos, Luis Javier Executive function Anthropometry Physical fitness Human physical conditioning Muscle strength Musculoskeletal and neural physiological phenomena Physical education and training Physical activity during childhood and adolescence favors brain development and cognitive functioning, particularly the executive functions. This study aimed to assess potential associations between anthropometric parameters, physical activity, physical fitness, and executive functions among elementary school children returning to school after the COVID-19 lockdown in Chile. School-age male and female participants (n = 90; age, 10-12 years) participated in the study. To determine the association between variables, a multivariable linear regression analysis was performed. Higher fat-related anthropometric indexes were associated with lower working memory, cognitive flexibility, planning, and attention (r = -0.55 to -0.22; p = 0.031 to <0.001). In contrast, higher physical activity levels, better sprint performance, higher lower-body muscular power, and greater upper-body muscular strength were associated with better working memory, cognitive flexibility, inhibition, planning, and/or attention (r = 0.19 to -0.54; p = 0.04 to <0.001). Current results consistently suggest the need for adequate levels of physical activity, physical fitness, and anthropometric parameters among the school-age population to promote healthy and adequate executive functions. 2022-04-05T08:27:02Z 2022-04-05T08:27:02Z 2022-03-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Contreras-Osorio, F... [et al.]. Anthropometric Parameters, Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Executive Functions among Primary School Children. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 3045. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19053045] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/74129 10.3390/ijerph19053045 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 3.0 España MDPI