Physiological Doses of Hydroxytyrosol Modulate Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Exercised Rats Casuso Pérez, Rafael Antonio Al Fazazi, Saad Plaza Díaz, Julio Ruiz Ojeda, Francisco Javier Rueda Robles, Ascensión Aragón Vela, Jerónimo Rodríguez Huertas, Jesús Francisco Polyphenols Mitochondria Glycolysis Gene expression This study was supported by the grant #3650 managed by Fundacion General EmpresaUniversidad de Granada and by the investigation group CTS-454 "Impacto fisiologico del estres oxidativo, deporte, actividad fisica y salud". We tested whether physiological doses of hydroxytyrosol (HT) may alter the mRNA transcription of key metabolic genes in exercised skeletal muscle. Two groups of exercise-trained Wistar rats, HTlow and HTmid, were supplemented with 0.31 and 4.61 mg/kg/d of HT, respectively, for 10 weeks. Another two groups of rats were not supplemented with HT; one remained sedentary and the other one was exercised. After the experimental period, the soleus muscle was removed for qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. The consumption of 4.61 mg/kg/d of HT during exercise increased the mRNA expression of important metabolic proteins. Specifically, 4.61 mg/kg/d of HT may upregulate long-chain fatty acid oxidation, lactate, and glucose oxidation as well as mitochondrial Krebs cycle in trained skeletal muscle. However, a 4.61 mg/kg/d of HT may alter protein translation, as in spite of the increment showed by CD36 and GLUT4 at the mRNA level this was not translated to higher protein content. 2022-01-31T13:24:44Z 2022-01-31T13:24:44Z 2021-12-12 journal article Casuso, R.A... [et al.]. Physiological Doses of Hydroxytyrosol Modulate Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Exercised Rats. Life 2021, 11, 1393. [https://doi.org/10.3390/life11121393] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/72568 10.3390/life11121393 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ open access Atribución 3.0 España MDPI