Urinary Microbiome: Yin and Yang of the Urinary Tract Pérez Carrasco, Virginia Soriano Lerma, Ana del Carmen Soriano, Miguel Gutiérrez Fernández, José García Salcedo, José Antonio Microbiome Urinary tract Infection Disease Health Sequencing This study was supported by "Programa Estatal de Investigacio ' n, Desarrollo e Innovacion Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad" (grant SAF-SAF2015-71714-RMINECO/FEDER) and by " Instituto de Salud Carlos III" under the frame of EuroNanoMed III (AC18/00008). VP-C was supported by "Programa de Promocion de Empleo Joven e Implantacion de la Garantia Juvenil en I+D+i", MIMECO, Spain, and AS-L was supported by a fellowship from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (FPU 17/05413). We would like to thank all members of the lab for helpful comments and discussion. The application of next generation sequencing techniques has allowed the characterization of the urinary tract microbiome and has led to the rejection of the pre-established concept of sterility in the urinary bladder. Not only have microbial communities in the urinary tract been implicated in the maintenance of health but alterations in their composition have also been associated with different urinary pathologies, such as urinary tract infections (UTI). Therefore, the study of the urinary microbiome in healthy individuals, as well as its involvement in disease through the proliferation of opportunistic pathogens, could open a potential field of study, leading to new insights into prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies for urinary pathologies. In this review we present an overview of the current state of knowledge about the urinary microbiome in health and disease, as well as its involvement in the development of new therapeutic strategies. 2021-06-16T07:24:14Z 2021-06-16T07:24:14Z 2021-05-18 journal article Perez-Carrasco V, Soriano-Lerma A, Soriano M, Gutiérrez-Fernández J and Garcia-Salcedo JA (2021) Urinary Microbiome: Yin and Yang of the Urinary Tract. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 11:617002. doi: [10.3389/fcimb.2021.617002] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/69197 10.3389/fcimb.2021.617002 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ open access Atribución 3.0 España Frontiers Research Foundation