Hormonal and Inflammatory Responses to Hypertrophy-Oriented Resistance Training at Acute Moderate Altitude Benavente Bardera, Cristina León López, Josefa Feriche Fernández-Castanys, María Belén Schoenfeld, Brad J. Bonitch Góngora, Juan Germán Sousa Fernandes Alcobia de Almeida, Filipa Pérez Regalado, Sergio Padial Puche, Paulino Strength Cytokines MiRNA Terrestrial altitude Hypoxia This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant number PGC2018-097388-B-I00, by the Andalusian FEDER Operational Program, grant number A-SEJ-246-UGR18 and FPU pre-doctoral, grant number FPU18/00686 awarded to one of the authors. The authors thank the High Performance Center of Sierra Nevada, Spain and all the participants who volunteered for this investigation. The authors also thank Dymatize Europe for supplying the meal replacement supplements used in this study. This study investigated the effect of a traditional hypertrophy-oriented resistance training (R-T) session at acute terrestrial hypoxia on inflammatory, hormonal, and the expression of miR-378 responses associated with muscular gains. In a counterbalanced fashion, 13 resistance trained males completed a hypertrophic R-T session at both moderate-altitude (H; 2320 m asl) and under normoxic conditions (N; <700 m asl). Venous blood samples were taken before and throughout the 30 min post-exercise period for determination of cytokines (IL6, IL10, TNF alpha), hormones (growth hormone [GH], cortisol [C], testosterone), and miR-378. Both exercise conditions stimulated GH and C release, while miR-378, testosterone, and inflammatory responses remained near basal conditions. At H, the R-T session produced a moderate to large but nonsignificant increase in the absolute peak values of the studied cytokines. miR-378 revealed a moderate association with GH (r = 0.65; p = 0.026 and r = -0.59; p = 0.051 in N and H, respectively) and C (r = 0.61; p = 0.035 and r = 0.75; p = 0.005 in N and H, respectively). The results suggest that a R-T session at H does not differentially affect the hormonal, inflammatory, and miR-378 responses compared to N. However, the standardized mean difference detected values in the cytokines suggest an intensification of the inflammatory response in H that should be further investigated. 2021-05-12T07:55:30Z 2021-05-12T07:55:30Z 2021-04-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Benavente, C.; León, J.; Feriche, B.; Schoenfeld, B.J.; Bonitch-Góngora, J.; Almeida, F.; Pérez-Regalado, S.; Padial, P. Hormonal and Inflammatory Responses to Hypertrophy-Oriented Resistance Training at Acute Moderate Altitude. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 4233. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084233] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/68485 10.3390/ijerph18084233 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 3.0 España MDPI