Ex Vivo Generation and Characterization of Human Hyaline and Elastic Cartilaginous Microtissues for Tissue Engineering Applications Sánchez Porras, David Durand-Herrera, Daniel Chato Astrain, Jesús Sánchez-López, José Darío García García, Óscar Darío Campos Sánchez, Fernando Carriel Araya, Víctor Microtissues Tissue engineering Human hyaline chondrocytes Human elastic chondrocytes Extracellular matrix Organoids This study was supported by grants FIS PI17/0393 and PI20/0318 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Instituto de Salud Carlos III); grants PI-0257-2017 and PE-0395- 2019 from Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía, España; grant P18-RT-5059 from Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad, Junta de Andalucía, España; grant A-CTS-498-UGR18 from the University of Granada and Junta de Andalucía, España. It was co-funded by FEDER-ERDF funds. Authors are grateful to Fabiola Bermejo Casares for the technical histological assistance. Special thanks to Ariane Ruyffelaert for her critical review and proofreading service. This work forms part of the doctoral thesis conducted by David Sánchez Porras (Doctoral Program in Biomedicine, Doctoral School, University of Granada, Spain). Considering the high prevalence of cartilage-associated pathologies, low self-repair capacity and limitations of current repair techniques, tissue engineering (TE) strategies have emerged as a promising alternative in this field. Three-dimensional culture techniques have gained attention in recent years, showing their ability to provide the most biomimetic environment for the cells under culture conditions, enabling the cells to fabricate natural, 3D functional microtissues (MTs). In this sense, the aim of this study was to generate, characterize and compare scaffold-free human hyaline and elastic cartilage-derived MTs (HC-MTs and EC-MTs, respectively) under expansion (EM) and chondrogenic media (CM). MTs were generated by using agarose microchips and evaluated ex vivo for 28 days. The MTs generated were subjected to morphometric assessment and cell viability, metabolic activity and histological analyses. Results suggest that the use of CM improves the biomimicry of the MTs obtained in terms of morphology, viability and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis with respect to the use of EM. Moreover, the overall results indicate a faster and more sensitive response of the EC-derived cells to the use of CM as compared to HC chondrocytes. Finally, future preclinical in vivo studies are still needed to determine the potential clinical usefulness of these novel advanced therapy products. 2021-04-26T12:06:14Z 2021-04-26T12:06:14Z 2021-03-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Sánchez-Porras, D.; Durand-Herrera, D.; Paes, A.B.; Chato-Astrain, J.; Verplancke, R.; Vanfleteren, J.; Sánchez-López, J.D.; García-García, Ó.D.; Campos, F.; Carriel, V. Ex Vivo Generation and Characterization of Human Hyaline and Elastic Cartilaginous Microtissues for Tissue Engineering Applications. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 292. [https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9030292] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/68115 10.3390/biomedicines9030292 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 3.0 España MDPI