Mycophenolate Improves Brain–Gut Axis Inducing Remodeling of Gut Microbiota in DOCA-Salt Hypertensive Rats Robles Vera, Iñaki de la Visitación, Néstor Sánchez, Manuel Gómez Guzmán, Manuel Jiménez Moleón, Rosario Moleón Moya, Javier González Correa, Cristina Romero Pérez, Miguel Duarte Pérez, Juan Manuel Mycophenolate Gut dysbiosis Hypertension Oxidative stress Inflammation (Deoxycorticosterone acetate) DOCA-salt model Microbiota is involved in the host blood pressure (BP) regulation. The immunosuppressive drug mofetil mycophenolate (MMF) ameliorates hypertension. The present study analyzed whether MMF improves dysbiosis in mineralocorticoid-induced hypertension. MaleWistar rats were assigned to three groups: untreated (CTR), deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt, and DOCA treated with MMF for 4 weeks. MMF treatment reduced systolic BP, improved endothelial dysfunction, and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in aorta. A clear separation in the gut bacterial community between CTR andDOCAgroups was found, whereas the cluster belonging toDOCA-MMF group was found to be intermixed. No changes were found at the phylum level among all experimental groups. MMF restored the elevation in lactate-producing bacteria found in DOCA-salt joined to an increase in the acetate-producing bacteria. MMF restored the percentage of anaerobic bacteria in the DOCA-salt group to values similar to control rats. The improvement of gut dysbiosis was associated with an enhanced colonic integrity and a decreased sympathetic drive in the gut. MMF inhibited neuroinflammation in the paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus. This study demonstrates for the first time that MMF reduces gut dysbiosis in DOCA-salt hypertension models. This e ect seems to be related to its capacity to improve gut integrity due to reduced sympathetic drive in the gut associated with reduced brain neuroinflammation. 2021-02-11T09:36:37Z 2021-02-11T09:36:37Z 2020-11-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article García-García, G., Fernández-Álvarez, F., Cabeza, L., Delgado, Á. V., Melguizo, C., Prados, J. C., & Arias, J. L. (2020). Gemcitabine-Loaded Magnetically Responsive Poly (ε-caprolactone) Nanoparticles against Breast Cancer. Polymers, 12(12), 2790. [doi:10.3390/antiox9121199] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/66458 10.3390/antiox9121199 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 3.0 España Mdpi