New Opportunities for Endometrial Health by Modifying Uterine Microbial Composition: Present or Future? Molina Morales, Nerea Sola Leyva, Alberto Sáez Lara, María José Plaza Díaz, Julio Romero, Barbara Clavero Gilabert, Ana Mozas Moreno, Juan Fontes, Juan Altmae, Signe Antibiotics Chronic endometritis Endometriosis Endometrium Microbiome Microbiota Prebiotics Probiotics Uterus We acknowledge the research support by Copan Italia S.p.A Inc., and Clearblue, SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH. This study is part of a PhD Thesis conducted at the Official Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine of the University of Granada, Spain. We are grateful to Ana Yara Postigo-Fuentes for her assistance with English language. Current knowledge suggests that the uterus harbours its own microbiota, where the microbes could influence the uterine functions in health and disease; however, the core uterine microbial composition and the host-microbial relationships remain to be fully elucidated. Different studies are indicating, based on next-generation sequencing techniques, that microbial dysbiosis could be associated with several gynaecological disorders, such as endometriosis, chronic endometritis, dysfunctional menstrual bleeding, endometrial cancer, and infertility. Treatments using antibiotics and probiotics and/or prebiotics for endometrial microbial dysbiosis are being applied. Nevertheless there is no unified protocol for assessing the endometrial dysbiosis and no optimal treatment protocol for the established dysbiosis. With this review we outline the microbes (mostly bacteria) identified in the endometrial microbiome studies, the current treatments offered for bacterial dysbiosis in the clinical setting, and the future possibilities such as pro- and prebiotics and microbial transplants for modifying uterine microbial composition. 2020-07-15T11:48:49Z 2020-07-15T11:48:49Z 2020-04 journal article Molina, N. M., Sola-Leyva, A., Saez-Lara, M. J., Plaza-Diaz, J., Tubić-Pavlović, A., Romero, B., ... & Altmäe, S. (2020). New Opportunities for Endometrial Health by Modifying Uterine Microbial Composition: Present or Future?. Biomolecules, 10(4), 593. [doi:10.3390/biom10040593] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/62986 10.3390/biom10040593 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ open access Atribución 3.0 España MDPI