Lipid-Based Nanoparticles: Application and Recent Advances in Cancer Treatment García Pinel, Beatriz Porras Alcalá, Cristina Ortega Rodríguez, Alicia Sarabia, Francisco Prados Salazar, José Carlos Melguizo Alonso, Consolación López Romero, Juan Manuel Lipid-based nanoparticles Drug release Drug resistance Clinical trials Cancer Many therapeutically active molecules are non-soluble in aqueous systems, chemically and biologically fragile or present severe side effects. Lipid-based nanoparticle (LBNP) systems represent one of the most promising colloidal carriers for bioactive organic molecules. Their current application in oncology has revolutionized cancer treatment by improving the antitumor activity of several chemotherapeutic agents. LBNPs advantages include high temporal and thermal stability, high loading capacity, ease of preparation, low production costs, and large-scale industrial production since they can be prepared from natural sources. Moreover, the association of chemotherapeutic agents with lipid nanoparticles reduces active therapeutic dose and toxicity, decreases drug resistance and increases drug levels in tumor tissue by decreasing them in healthy tissue. LBNPs have been extensively assayed in in vitro cancer therapy but also in vivo, with promising results in some clinical trials. This review summarizes the types of LBNPs that have been developed in recent years and the main results when applied in cancer treatment, including essential assays in patients. 2020-05-11T11:58:42Z 2020-05-11T11:58:42Z 2019-04-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article García-Pinel, B., Porras-Alcalá, C., Ortega-Rodríguez, A., Sarabia, F., Prados, J., Melguizo, C., & López-Romero, J. M. (2019). Lipid-based nanoparticles: application and recent advances in cancer treatment. Nanomaterials, 9(4), 638. http://hdl.handle.net/10481/61934 10.3390/nano9040638 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 3.0 España MDPI