Brown adipose tissue volume and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake are not associated with energy intake in young human adults Sánchez-Delgado, Guillermo Acosta Manzano, Francisco Miguel Martínez Téllez, Borja Manuel Finlayson, Graham Gibbons, Catherine Labayen, Idoia Llamas Elvira, José Manuel Gil Hernández, Ángel Blundell, John E. Ruiz Ruiz, Jonatan Brown fat Thermogenesis Appetite Energy balance Obesity Supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness via Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III grant PI13/01393 (to JRR), Retos de la Sociedad grant DEP2016-79512-R (to JRR), and European Regional Development Funds (ERDF); Spanish Ministry of Education grant FPU13/04365 (to GS-D); the Fundación Iberoamericana de Nutrición (to JRR); Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa grant Red SAMID RD16/0022 (to AG); the AstraZeneca HealthCare Foundation; the University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigación 2016—Excellence actions:Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (to JRR)—and Plan Propio de Investigación 2018—Programa Contratos-Puente (to GS-D); and Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidadesgrant SOMM17/6107/UGR (to JRR) via the ERDF. Background: Several studies have explored the role of human brown adipose tissue (BAT) in energy expenditure. However, the link between BAT and appetite regulation needs to be more rigorously examined. Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations of BAT volume and 18F-fluordeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake after a personalized cold exposure with energy intake and appetite-related sensations in young healthy humans. Methods: A total of 102 young adults (65 women; age: 22.08 ± 2.17 y; BMI: 25.05 ± 4.93 kg/m 2) took part in this cross-sectional study. BAT volume, BAT 18F-FDG uptake, and skeletal muscle 18FFDG uptake were assessed by means of static 18F-FDG positronemission tomography and computed tomography scans after a 2-h personalized exposure to cold. Energy intake was estimated via an objectively measured ad libitum meal and three nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Appetite-related sensations (i.e., hunger and fullness) were recorded by visual analog scales before and after a standardized breakfast (energy content = 50% of basal metabolic rate) and the ad libitum meal. Body composition was assessed by a whole-body DXA scan. Results: BAT volume and 18F-FDG uptake were not associated with quantified ad libitum energy intake (all P > 0.088), nor with habitual energy intake estimated from the 24-h dietary recalls (all P > 0.683). Lean mass was positively associated with both the energy intake from the ad libitum meal (β: 17.612, R2 = 0.213; P < 0.001) and the habitual energy intake (β: 16.052, R2 = 0.123; P = 0.001). Neither the interaction BAT volume × time elapsed after meal consumption nor that of BAT 18F-FDG uptake × time elapsed after meal consumption had any significant influence on appetite-related sensations after breakfast or after meal consumption (all P > 0.3). Conclusions: Neither BAT volume, nor BAT 18F-FDG uptake after cold stimulation, are related to appetite regulation in young adults. These results suggest BAT plays no important role in the regulation of energy intake in humans. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02365129. 2020-03-27T10:03:49Z 2020-03-27T10:03:49Z 2019-12-19 journal article Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado, Francisco M Acosta, Borja Martinez-Tellez, Graham Finlayson, Catherine Gibbons, Idoia Labayen, Jose M Llamas-Elvira, Angel Gil, John E Blundell, Jonatan R Ruiz, Brown adipose tissue volume and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake are not associated with energy intake in young human adults, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 111, Issue 2, February 2020, Pages 329–339, [https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz300] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/60720 10.1093/ajcn/nqz300 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ open access Atribución 3.0 España Oxford University Press