Sediment Respiration Pulses in Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams Von Schiller, Daniel Moleón Páiz, Marcos The dataset (Data File S1; DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8863721) and the R code used to generate the results (Code S1; DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8863655), including step by step explanations of the statistical tests, have been deposited in Figshare Digital Repository (https://figshare.com/projects/Sediment_Respiration_Pulses_in_Intermittent_Rivers_and_Ephemeral_Streams/66104). Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES) may represent over half the global stream network, but their contribution to respiration and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is largely undetermined. In particular, little is known about the variability and drivers of respiration in IRES sediments upon rewetting, which could result in large pulses of CO2. We present a global study examining sediments from 200 dry IRES reaches spanning multiple biomes. Results from standardized assays show that mean respiration increased 32–66-fold upon sediment rewetting. Structural equation modelling indicates that this response was driven by sediment texture and organic matter quantity and quality, which, in turn, were influenced by climate, land use and riparian plant cover. Our estimates suggest that respiration pulses resulting from rewetting of IRES sediments could contribute significantly to annual CO2 emissions from the global stream network, with a single respiration pulse potentially increasing emission by 0.2–0.7%. As the spatial and temporal extent of IRES increases globally, our results highlight the importance of recognizing the influence of wetting-drying cycles on respiration and CO2 emissions in stream networks. 2019-11-12T07:57:42Z 2019-11-12T07:57:42Z 2019-09 journal article von Schiller, D., Datry, T., Corti, R.,Foulquier, A., Tockner, K., Marcé, R.,et al. (2019). Sediment respiration pulses in intermittent rivers andephemeral streams. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,33. [https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GB006276] http://hdl.handle.net/10481/57826 10.1029/2019GB006276 eng EC/FP7/603629 EC/H2020/748625 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ open access Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España American Geophysical Union