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   <ow:Publication rdf:about="oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/57396">
      <dc:title>Synthesis of Pd/Ru Bimetallic Nanoparticles by Escherichia coli and Potential as a Catalyst for Upgrading 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural Into Liquid Fuel Precursors</dc:title>
      <dc:creator>Gómez Bolívar, Jaime</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Mikheenko, Iryna P.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Orozco, Rafael</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Sharma, Surbhi</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Banerjee, Dipanjan</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Walker, Marc</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Hand, Rachel</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Merroun, Mohamed Larbi</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Macaskie, Lynne</dc:creator>
      <dc:subject>ruthenium bionanoparticles</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Pd/Ru core-shells</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>5-hydroxymethyl furfural conversion</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>2,5-dimethyl furan synthesis</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>cellulose conversion</dc:subject>
      <dc:description>Escherichia coli cells support the nucleation and growth of ruthenium and&#xd;
ruthenium-palladium nanoparticles (Bio-Ru and Bio-Pd/Ru NPs). We report a method&#xd;
for the synthesis of these monometallic and bimetallic NPs and their application&#xd;
in the catalytic upgrading of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) to 2,5 dimethylfuran&#xd;
(DMF). Examination using high resolution transmission electron microscopy with energy&#xd;
dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) and high angle annular dark field (HAADF) showed&#xd;
Ru NPs located mainly at the cell surface using Ru(III) alone but small intracellular&#xd;
Ru-NPs (size  1–2 nm) were visible only in cells that had been pre-“seeded”&#xd;
with Pd(0) (5 wt%) and loaded with equimolar Ru. Pd(0) NPs were distributed&#xd;
between the cytoplasm and cell surface. Cells bearing 5% Pd/5% Ru showed some&#xd;
co-localization of Pd and Ru but chance associations were not ruled out. Cells loaded&#xd;
to 5 wt% Pd/20 wt% Ru showed evidence of core-shell structures (Ru core, Pd&#xd;
shell). Here,&#xd;
with MTHF as the reaction solvent the commercial Ru/C catalyst had little activity&#xd;
(100% conversion, negligible selectivity to DMF) whereas the 5 wt% Pd/5 wt% Rubio-bimetallic gave 100% conversion and 14% selectivity to DMF from material extracted&#xd;
from hydrolyzates. The results indicate a potential green method for realizing increased&#xd;
energy potential from biomass wastes as well as showing a bio-based pathway to&#xd;
manufacturing a scarcely described bimetallic material.</dc:description>
      <dc:date>2019-10-17T08:54:58Z</dc:date>
      <dc:date>2019-10-17T08:54:58Z</dc:date>
      <dc:date>2019-06-20</dc:date>
      <dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
      <dc:identifier>Gomez-Bolivar J, Mikheenko IP, Orozco RL, Sharma S, Banerjee D, Walker M, Hand RA, Merroun ML and Macaskie LE (2019) Synthesis of Pd/Ru Bimetallic Nanoparticles by Escherichia coli and Potential as a Catalyst for Upgrading 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural Into Liquid Fuel Precursors. Front. Microbiol. 10:1276.</dc:identifier>
      <dc:identifier>http://hdl.handle.net/10481/57396</dc:identifier>
      <dc:identifier>10.3389/fmicb.2019.01276</dc:identifier>
      <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
      <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/</dc:rights>
      <dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights>
      <dc:rights>Atribución 3.0 España</dc:rights>
      <dc:publisher>Frontiers Media</dc:publisher>
   </ow:Publication>
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